Layer na yanayi

Ƙararrawa

Source: https://bibliotecadeinvestigaciones.wordpress.com/ciencias-de-la-tierra/las-capas-de-la-atmosfera-y-su-contaminacion/

Kamar yadda muka gani a rubutun baya, da Duniya Duniya Ya na da yadudduka da yawa na ciki da waje kuma an hada shi da kananan tsari guda hudu. Da yadudduka na Duniya sun kasance a cikin tsarin tsarin kasa. A gefe guda, muna da da biosphere, wannan yanki na Duniya inda rayuwa take bunkasa. Yankin ruwa shine bangaren Duniya inda ruwa yake. Muna kawai da sauran tsarin tsarin duniya, yanayi. Menene yadudduka na yanayi? Bari mu gani.

Yanayin sararin samaniya ne wanda yake kewaye da Duniya kuma yana da ayyuka daban-daban. Daga cikin waɗannan ayyukan shine gaskiyar gidaje adadin oxygen da ake buƙata don rayuwa. Wani muhimmin aiki da sararin samaniya yake dashi ga halittu shine kare mu daga fitowar rana da kuma daga wakilai na waje daga sararin samaniya kamar ƙananan meteorites ko asteroids.

Yanayin yanayi

Yanayin yana dauke da gas daban-daban a cikin abubuwa daban-daban. An mafi yawa hada da nitrogen (78%), Amma wannan sinadarin nitrogen yana da tsaka tsaki, ma'ana, muna shaƙar shi amma ba mu sarrafa shi ko amfani da shi don komai. Abin da muke amfani dashi don rayuwa shine oxygen da aka samu a 21%. Duk abubuwa masu rai a doron kasa, banda kwayoyin halittar anaerobic, suna bukatar iskar oxygen don rayuwa. A ƙarshe, yanayin yana da raguwa sosai (1%) daga sauran gas kamar tururin ruwa, argon, da carbon dioxide.

Kamar yadda muka gani a labarin a matsin lamba na yanayi, iska tana da nauyi, sabili da haka akwai karin iska a cikin ƙananan matakan yanayin saboda iska daga sama tana tura iska a ƙasa kuma ya fi yawa a saman. Saboda hakan ne 75% na jimlar yawan sararin samaniya yana tsakanin saman duniya da kilomita 11 na farko a tsawo. Yayin da muke girma a cikin sararin samaniya, yanayin yana zama mai ƙanƙanci da sirara, duk da haka, babu layin da ke nuna alamun layi daban-daban na yanayin, amma dai yanayin da yanayin sun canza. Layin Karman, kimanin kilomita 100, ana ɗauka ƙarshen yanayin duniya da farkon sararin samaniya.

Menene yadudduka na yanayi?

Kamar yadda muka yi tsokaci a baya, yayin da muke hawa, muna cin karo da bangarori daban-daban da yanayi ke da su. Kowannensu da kayan aikinsa, girma da aiki. Yanayin yana da matakai biyar: Yanayin sararin samaniya, madaidaiciyar sararin samaniya, sararin samaniya, yanayin zafi, da kuma yanayin sararin samaniya.

Yadudduka na sararin samaniya: Tsarin sararin samaniya, sararin samaniya, mesahoshi, yanayin zafi, da kuma yanayin sararin samaniya

Yadudduka na yanayi. Source: http://pulidosanchezbiotech.blogspot.com.es/p/el-reino-monera-se-caracteriza-por.html

Yankin Yankin

Layi na farko na sararin samaniya shine yanayin yanki kuma shine mafi kusa da saman duniya sabili da haka, yana cikin wannan layin da muke rayuwa. Ya faɗaɗa daga matakin teku zuwa kimanin kilomita 10-15. Yana cikin cikin sararin samaniya inda rayuwa ke ci gaba a duniya. Bayan yanayin wurare kar a yarda da ci gaban rayuwa. Yanayin zafin jiki da matsin yanayi suna raguwa a cikin yanayin yayin da muke ƙara tsayin da muke ciki.

Abubuwan da suka shafi yanayin sama kamar yadda muka san su suna faruwa ne a cikin sararin samaniya, tunda daga can girgije basa ci gaba. Wadannan al'amuran yanayi suna samuwa ne ta hanyar dumama dumama da rana take haifarwa a yankuna daban daban na duniya. Wannan yanayin yana haifar isarwar ruwa da iska, wanda ke tare da canje-canje a cikin matsi da zafin jiki, yana haifar da guguwa mai iska. Jiragen sama suna tashi a cikin matattara kuma kamar yadda muka ambata a baya, a wajen wurin babu wani girgije da ke tashi, don haka babu ruwan sama ko hadari.

Yanayin sararin samaniya da yanayi

Abubuwa na yanayi suna faruwa a cikin yankin da muke zaune. Source: http://pulidosanchezbiotech.blogspot.com.es/p/el-reino-monera-se-caracteriza-por.html

A cikin mafi girman ɓangaren filin jirgin mun sami layin da ake kira cin abinci A cikin wannan layin iyaka, yanayin zafin jiki ya kai tabbataccen ƙarancin ƙimomin. Abin da ya sa masana kimiyya da yawa ke kiran wannan layin da cewa "Layer mai zafi" Domin daga nan, tururin ruwa a cikin tudu ba zai iya hawa ba, kamar yadda yake makale idan ya canza daga tururin zuwa kankara. Idan ba don cin nasara ba, duniyarmu na iya rasa ruwan da muke da shi yayin da yake ƙafewa da ƙaura zuwa sararin samaniya. Kuna iya cewa tropopause katangar ganuwa ce wacce ke sanya yanayin mu ya daidaita kuma ya ba ruwa damar kasancewa cikin iyawar mu.

Yankin hanya

Ci gaba tare da yadudduka na yanayi, yanzu mun sami madaidaicin sararin samaniya. Ana samo shi daga cikin kayan aiki kuma ya faɗi daga 10-15 kilomita a tsayi zuwa 45-50 kilomita. Yanayin zafin jiki a cikin stratosphere ya fi girma a cikin sama fiye da na ƙananan tunda tunda yana ƙaruwa a tsayi, yana ɗaukar ƙarin hasken rana kuma zafin jikinku yana ƙaruwa. Wannan yana nufin, halayyar yanayin zafin jiki a tsayi kishiyar wancan ne a cikin tudu. Yana farawa yana da ƙarfi amma ƙasa kuma yayin hawa yana ƙaruwa, zafin jiki yana ƙaruwa.

Shawar hasken rana saboda da lemar sararin samaniya wanda ke tsakanin tsayin kilomita 30 zuwa 40. Launin ozone ba komai bane face yanki inda yawan lemar sararin samaniya ya fi na sauran yanayi. Ozone menene yana kiyaye mu daga fitilun rana masu cutarwaAmma idan ozone ya faru a saman duniya, gurbataccen yanayi ne mai haifar da fata, da numfashi da cututtukan zuciya.

Launin lemar sararin samaniya

Source: http://pulidosanchezbiotech.blogspot.com.es/p/el-reino-monera-se-caracteriza-por.html

A cikin stratosphere babu wuya wani motsi a cikin shugabanci na tsaye na iska, amma iskoki a cikin kwatancen na kwance zasu iya kaiwa akai-akai 200 km / h. Matsalar wannan iskar ita ce cewa duk wani abu da ya isa ga fastosphere yana yaduwa ko'ina cikin duniya. Misalin wannan shine CFCs. Wadannan iskar gas din da suka hada da sinadarin chlorine da sunadarin flourine suna lalata ozone layer suka bazu a duk duniya saboda iska mai karfi daga saman tudu.

A ƙarshen sashin sararin samaniya shine madaidaiciya Yanki ne na sararin samaniya inda yawan zafin ozone yake ƙarewa kuma zafin jiki ya daidaita sosai (sama da digiri Celsius 0). Tsarin kwana shine wanda ke ba da hanya zuwa mashigar.

Yankin Mesophere

Launin sararin samaniya ne wanda ya faɗi daga kilomita 50 zuwa fiye ko lessasa da kilomita 80. Halin yanayin zafin jiki a cikin mashigar yana kama da na troposphere, tunda yana sauka cikin tsawo. Wannan shimfidar yanayi, duk da sanyi, zai iya dakatar da meteorites yayin da suke fadawa cikin sararin samaniya inda suke konawa, ta wannan hanyar suna barin alamun wuta a cikin sararin daren.

Mesosphere yana dakatar da meteorites

Source: http://pulidosanchezbiotech.blogspot.com.es/p/el-reino-monera-se-caracteriza-por.html

Ospaƙarin sararin samaniya shine mafi tsananin layin sararin samaniya, tun kawai ya ƙunshi 0,1% na jimlar iska kuma a ciki za'a iya kaiwa zafin jiki har zuwa -80. Mahimmancin halayen sunadarai na faruwa a cikin wannan layin kuma saboda ƙarancin iska, ana haifar da rikice-rikice iri daban-daban waɗanda ke taimakawa kumbon sama jannati lokacin da suka dawo Duniya, tunda sun fara lura da tsarin iskokin da ke baya ba kawai birki na sararin samaniya ba. na jirgin.

A ƙarshen mashigar shine mesopause. Layer ce ta iyaka wacce take raba yanayin yanayin sararin samaniya da yanayin zafi. Tana da nisan kusan kilomita 85-90 kuma a cikinta zafin jiki ya daidaita kuma yayi ƙasa sosai. Hanyoyin Chemiluminescence da halayen aeroluminescence suna faruwa a cikin wannan layin.

Yanayi

Ita ce shimfidar wuri mafi fadi. Ya kara daga 80-90 km har zuwa 640 km. A wannan gaba, da wuya akwai sauran iska da barbashi da ke wanzu a cikin wannan layin ana sanya su da iska ta ultraviolet radiation. Wannan Layer kuma ana kiranta yanayi saboda haduwar ions din da ke faruwa a ciki. Yanayin duniya yana da tasiri sosai yaduwar igiyoyin rediyo. Wani sashin kuzarin da mai watsawa zuwa yanayin iska ke sha yana dauke da iska mai dauke da iska sannan wani kuma ya karu, ko juya shi, ya koma saman duniya.

Yanayin yanayi da raƙuman rediyo

Yawan zafin jiki a cikin yanayin yanayi yana da ƙarfi ƙwarai, yana kai wa har zuwa dubunnan digiri Celsius. Dukkanin abubuwan da ke cikin yanayin yanayin suna dauke da kuzari daga hasken rana. Mun kuma gano cewa gas ba a tarwatsa shi daidai kamar yadda yake tare da yanayin sararin samaniyar da ya gabata ba.

A cikin yanayin yanayin da muke samu magnetosphere. Yankin ne na sararin samaniya wanda graarfin gravias na Duniya ke kiyaye mu daga iska mai amfani da hasken rana.

Ruwa

Layi na ƙarshe na yanayin shine sararin samaniya. Wannan shine shimfidar da ta fi nesa daga saman duniya kuma saboda tsayinta, ita ce mafi karancin lokaci kuma saboda haka ba a la'akari da kanta a matsayin layin yanayi ba. Ari ko lessasa ya faɗaɗa tsakanin kilomita 600-800 a tsayi har zuwa kilomita 9.000-10.000. Wannan shimfidar yanayi shine menene raba duniya daga sararin samaniya kuma a cikinsa kwayoyin halitta suka tsere. Ya ƙunshi yawancin hydrogen.

Exosphere da stardust

A cikin sararin samaniya akwai adadi mai yawa na stardust

Kamar yadda kake gani, abubuwa daban-daban suna faruwa a cikin matakan sararin samaniyas kuma suna da ayyuka daban-daban. Daga ruwan sama, iska da matsin lamba, ta hanyar ozone layer da kuma hasken ultraviolet, kowane ɗayan matakan sararin samaniya yana da aikinsa wanda yake sanya rayuwa a doron ƙasa kamar yadda muka sani.

Tarihin yanayi

La yanayi cewa mun sani a yau ba koyaushe ya kasance haka ba. Miliyoyin shekaru sun shude tun lokacin da aka kirkiro Duniyar Duniya har zuwa yau, kuma wannan ya haifar da canje-canje a yanayin yanayin.

Yanayin duniya na farko da ya wanzu ya taso ne daga ruwan sama mafi girma kuma mafi dadewa a tarihi wanda ya kafa teku. Haɗin sararin samaniya kafin rayuwa kamar yadda muka sani ya taso ya ƙunshi yawancin methane. Bayan haka, yana yi fiye da shekaru biliyan 2.300, kwayoyin halittar da suka rayu daga wadannan yanayin kwayoyin halitta ne methanogens da anoxicsWato, basu buƙatar oxygen don rayuwa. A yau methanogens suna rayuwa a cikin laɓo na tabkuna ko cikin shanu inda babu oxygen. Duniyar Duniyar tana matashiya sosai kuma rana tayi haske sosai, amma, tarin methane a cikin yanayin ya kasance kusan sau 600 fiye da yadda yake a yau tare da gurɓatawa. Wannan da aka fassara zuwa tasirin greenhouse mai ƙarfi wanda zai iya ƙaruwa da yanayin duniya, tunda methane yana riƙe da zafi mai yawa.

Hanyoyi

Methanogens sun mallaki Duniya lokacin da yanayin yanayi ya kasance mai guba. Source: http://pulidosanchezbiotech.blogspot.com.es/p/el-reino-monera-se-caracteriza-por.html

Daga baya, tare da yaduwar cyanobacteria da algae, duniyar da ke cike da iskar oxygen kuma ta canza yanayin yanayin har zuwa, da kaɗan-kaɗan, ya zama abin da muke da shi a yau. Godiya ga plate tectonics, sake tsarin cibiyoyin ya ba da gudummawar rarraba carbonate zuwa duk sassan Duniya. Kuma wannan shine dalilin da yasa yanayin yake canzawa daga ragin yanayi zuwa abu mai sharar iska. Concentrationididdigar iskar oxygen yana nuna tsayi da ƙananan ƙwanƙolin har sai da ƙari ko lessasa yana zaune cikin ƙimar 15%.

Yanayin farko wanda ya kunshi methane

Yanayin farko wanda ya kunshi methane. Source: http://pulidosanchezbiotech.blogspot.com.es/p/el-reino-monera-se-caracteriza-por.html


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  1.   Pedro m

    Barka dai, idan yanayin sararin samaniya ya kai dubunnan digiri C. Ta yaya zai yiwu wani kumbon sama jannati ya iya wucewa ta ciki?
    Menene zafin jiki bayan yanayin yanayi?
    Godiya a gaba don amsarku

  2.   LIONEL VENCE MURGAS m

    Pedro .. babu wanda ya taɓa fita!
    komai labarin babban karya ne ... kalli bidiyo na iss ko duk na karya ne ..
    ko kuma mafi kyau, kalli hotunan CGI na duniya, ba a taɓa samun hoto na gaske ba kuma babu wanda ya taɓa ganin tauraron ɗan adam yana kewaya .. bari na faɗa muku bro .. an yaudare mu

  3.   Afodemus m

    «A cikin yanayin yanayi mun sami magnetosphere. Yanki ne na sararin samaniya wanda filin jan hankali na duniya yake kare mu daga iska mai amfani da hasken rana. "
    Ina tsammanin a cikin wannan jumlar su sanya filin maganaɗisu ba filin walwala ba.
    Gracias

  4.   Nah m

    Bayanin yana da kyau kuma anyi bayani sosai… na gode kwarai… yana da matukar amfani ga wadanda muke karatu us

  5.   Nah m

    Ina so in taya mutumin da ya ba mu damar sanar da kanmu ta hanya mai sauƙi da sauƙi. Ina ba da shawarar wannan shafin, yana da matukar amfani ga waɗanda muke karatun koleji. Na gode da yawa

  6.   Luciana Wheel Moon m

    To page din yayi kyau amma akwai abubuwan karya amma anyi bayani sosai godiya ga bayanin?????

  7.   Luciana Wheel Moon m

    To page din yayi kyau amma akwai abubuwan karya amma anyi bayani sosai godiya ga bayanin?????

  8.   Lucy m

    Amsawa da Pedro, jiragen ruwan na iya tsayayya da waɗannan yanayin yanayin albarkacin garkuwar zafin
    yawanci hada da phenolic kayan.

  9.   Kirito m

    fada min tambaya aber

  10.   Daniela BB? m

    Wannan bayanin yana da kyau sosai ℹ zai iya taimaka wa duk wanda muka yi nazari na yi tunanin akwai 4 layers kuma akwai 5???

  11.   rebecca melendez m

    Ina karatun bude makarantar sakandare kuma bayanan sun taimaka min sosai kuma an yi bayani sosai, godiya

  12.   Naomi m

    Yayi kyau, na gode.

  13.   HECTOR MORENO m

    Yaudara da yawa, komai karya ne, abokai, gaba dayan tsarin ilimi na karya ba zai iya shiga cikin sararin samaniya ba, ya rufe gaba daya, ya binciki Flat Earth ya farka.

    1.    kirista roberto m

      duba hector moreno Na yi imani da kimiyya amma buɗe tambayoyinku fiye da tunaninku kuma ku tambayi kanku dalilin da yasa aka halicci duniya duniya tsarin ilimi yana da iyaka amma idan bamu samu ba da tuni zamu gano shin ƙasa mai faɗi ce ko a'a kuma gaskiyar duniyar nan Amma tunda ba mu da irin wannan fasahar a yanzu, ba za ku iya amsawa ba, kuna cewa ba za mu iya barin duniya ba saboda kun ce ba rufa-rufa, gaskiya ce, domin in ba haka ba, da mutum ba zai gaya mana komai ba, ya yi mamaki ya ce Idan duniya tana shimfida kuma daga nan ne aka fara tunanin cewa idan muna rayuwa a cikin kasa ko zagaye kuma sun bamu amsa mai sauki to tana da zagaye domin in ba haka ba idan ta kasance tana da fadi to duk karfin duniya ne zai jawo shi kuma ma'aunin zaiyi asara duniya saboda a wasu wurare zai zama tsananin zafin rana da daddare kuma irin wannan daidaitawar zai zama mara kyau saboda ba zamu rayu haka ba maimakon haka idan duniya ta juya kuma tana zagaye ga duk duniya yanayin sanyi da babu wanda zai kasanceNa ja hankali zuwa wani yanki na maganadiso kuma ni kawai shekara 13 ne ina farka na kimanin shekaru 4 wanda zai iya amsar tambayar ku ko ba ya ƙare: 3: v

  14.   juan m

    Ba na tsammanin an kai dubunnan digiri a cikin yanayin yanayi, tunda wata da ke zagaye duniya ya kai kimanin + -160 digiri ba abu ne mai ma'ana ba, kuma a cikin mercury wanda ya fi kusa da rana yanayin zafin jiki ina tsammanin ina tsammanin yana zagayawa ne a digiri 600 a mafi yawan 1000, saboda haka ba ma'ana ba ce…. rubutu ne nake tsammani.

  15.   Edwing Rodriguez m

    Barka dai, na gode sosai da bayanin, ina son shafin, koyaushe yana taimaka min da ayyukan makaranta kuma bayanan suna da amfani.
    Godiya?.

  16.   Lysander milai m

    Amsawa Juan. Yanayin zafin jiki ya dogara da rana ko ba ta haskakawa. Yin magana akan zafin jiki guda ɗaya kuskuren da kuke yi. Ya banbanta sosai idan hasken rana yazo ko a'a. Misali, saukar watan ne a hasken rana, in ba haka ba sanyi yana daskarewa.
    gaisuwa

  17.   Judith herrera m

    Ina son shi, bayanin yana da kyau kuma har zuwa ma'ana, na gode sosai 🙂

  18.   Alexander alvarez m

    Sannun ku… !!!
    Ni sabo ne ga wannan shafin, na gode sosai.
    Ina karanta wata kasida game da abubuwa daban-daban na duniya kuma na ga rahoton ya cika sosai kuma da gaske.Ba fatan in ci gaba da koyo ... daga Uruguay!
    Atte Alejandro * IRON * ALVAREZ. .. !!!