Abu ne gama gari ka ga iyalai da yawa waɗanda ke zaune a yankunan karkara ko kuma suke da gidajen da za su je a ƙarshen mako. A lokacin watannin hunturu lokacin da yanayin zafi ya yi ƙaranci, ana amfani da katako da murhun gawayi don dumama gidan. Koyaya, wannan al'ada ta gida tana da tasiri iri-iri akan yanayin.
A cikin wannan labarin zamu tattauna akan tasirin muhalli na katako da murhunan gawayi a yankunan karkara da kuma hanyoyin da za a iya bi don magance shi. Shin kuna son ƙarin koyo game da wannan matsalar ta muhalli? Ci gaba da karatu.
Amfani da murhunan katako
Anyi amfani da itacen itace a cikin tarihi don dumama gidaje a duniya yayin da yanayin zafi yayi ƙasa. Ana ɗaukarsa nau'in nau'in albarkatun ƙasa wanda aka samo daga yanayin ƙasa kuma wannan, ta hanyar konewarsa, yana bamu isasshen zafin don magance sanyi na hunturu. Amfani da itacen wuta ya haɗa wasu masu canji kamar zama tattalin arziki, yanayin ƙasa, zamantakewar jama'a, fasaha, zamantakewa da al'adu.
Gabaɗaya suna hidimar girki da dumama baya ga ba da kyakkyawar alaƙar zamantakewa. Wanene ba zai so ya yi hutun karshen mako ba tare da ƙaunatattunsa a cikin gidan karkara tare da murhu a tsakiyar lokacin sanyi. Gaskiyar magana ita ce yanayi ne mai daɗi sosai wanda amfani da shi ya yadu a cikin jama'a. Koyaya, yawan amfani da irin wannan murhun na iya zama matsalar gurɓata.
A halin yanzu bakin ciki el mayor consumo de energía proviene de los combustibles fósiles. Waɗannan tushen hanyoyin samun kuzari ne na sabunta kuzari kuma an samar dasu ne ta hanyar dogon lokacinda ya jujjuya kwayoyin halitta. Itace itaciya tana buƙatar tsarin ƙonewa don samar da zafi da ake buƙata kuma, ta wannan hanyar, tana fitar da jerin iskar gas masu gurɓataccen yanayi wanda ke taimakawa dumamar yanayi.
Tasirin muhalli kan amfani da itacen girki
Dukansu murhunan katako da gawayi ba su da tushen makamashi mai sabuntawa kuma, don haka, ƙazantar da amfani da su. Ofaya daga cikin mawuyacin rashin amfani da itacen itacen itace shine yana da babban abun cikin alkali, ƙarancin ƙanshi mai laushi da girma iri-iri a cikin kayan da yake haifar dashi lokacin aiwatar da ƙonewar.
Kuma shine lokacin da muke ƙona itace ba kawai muna fitar da iskar carbon dioxide da ruwa ba (kamar yadda yake a kowane konewa), amma sauran mahaukatan suma ana samar dasu. Daga cikin waɗannan abubuwan zamu sami aldehydes, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon mahadi (da aka sani da suna PAH), mahaɗan mawuyacin yanayi kamar dioxins (masu cutarwa sosai ga lafiya da muhalli) waɗanda ake ɗaukarsu na mutagenic. Wadannan dioxins suna da girman kwayar halittar mutum kuma suna iya taimakawa ga cututtukan kwayoyin halitta.
Wadannan abubuwa da ake fitarwa yayin konewar itacen daga murhunan suna shafar muhallin da ke kusa da duk wurin da iskar gas take zuwa. Bugu da kari, a cikin gida kuma babban ɓangare na waɗannan gas da dioxins sun hura fitar yayin konewar itacen wuta.
Tasiri akan mutane
Murhunan itace suna fitar da tsakanin gram 10 zuwa 180 na carbon monoxide na kowane kilogram na itace da ake amfani dashi. Wannan gas din yana da illa sosai ga mutane idan ya haɗu da jini. Mun sami matsaloli kamar raguwar matakan oxygen, yana shafar zuciya. Idan natsuwa ya sami girma, zamu iya rasa hankali da samun lalacewar kwakwalwa da ke haifar da mutuwa. Wadannan lamuran gubar carbon monoxide an san su da mutuwa mai lahani, tunda ba ku san lokacin da kuke cutar da kanku ba.
Wani gas da ake fitarwa yayin konewa a cikin murhun katako shine nitrogen dioxide. A wannan yanayin, matsalar tana faruwa ne idan aka fallasa ta na dogon lokaci, tana haifar da cututtukan da suka shafi numfashi, musamman ma yara. Mun sami lokuta da yawa waɗanda iyalai ke amfani da irin wannan murhun na dogon lokaci ko ma ƙara shi duk lokacin sanyi. Kamar yadda suke fada koyaushe, shi kashi ne yake sanya guba.
Yayin konewar itace, ana fitar da sinadarin sulphur wanda kuma, a cikin babban natsuwa, yana samar da tari, cunkoso a kirji, rage ayyukan huhu, har ma mashako. Wadannan kwayoyi na iska zasu iya haifar da ciwon huhu da asma.
Harkokin zamantakewar jama'a da yanayin muhalli
Babu shakka babu abin da zai faru da zai tafi ƙarshen mako kuma ya kasance ƙarƙashin zafin da katako ko murhun kwal ya ba mu. Amma idan bayyanarwar ta daɗe sosai, to lokacin ne matsalolin suka zo. Koyaya, tasirin da aka samar akan muhalli ya samo asali ne saboda yawan gidajen karkara waɗanda suke da irin wannan dumama a lokacin sanyi ba yawaitar mita ba.
Gida guda zai iya samun murhun katako mai aiki awanni 24 a rana, kwana 7 a mako cewa tasirin zai zama kadan. Amma isa hakan Gidaje 200 suna da shi a karshen mako don ana iya ganin fitowar gas.
Abubuwan da ke cikin muhalli suna nuni da waɗancan abubuwan na ɗabi'a waɗanda za a iya lalacewa ta hanyar amfani da irin wannan murhun. Dole ne mu bincika ƙimar muhalli na yankunan da muke, tun da ba za a iya yin tasirin muhalli a inda ba shi da daraja ba. Ciyayi da dabbobi da kuma ilimin halittar ruwa da yanayin kasa sune abubuwan da ke tabbatar da tasirin muhalli.
Madadin
Para reducir el impacto ambiental de las estufas de madera y carbón en las zonas rurales nos encontramos con varias alternativas. Una de ellas son las estufas de pellets. Aunque sigue funcionando kamar yadda biomass man, yayi ta wata hanya daban. Kwancen yana ba da gudummawa ga tsabtace mai tsabta kuma an shirya murhun don kada a fitar da iskar gas a cikin gida. Wadannan gas din ana jujjuya su zuwa waje.
Wani madadin sune murhun bioethanol. Wadannan suna aiki ne ta hanyar kona wani giyar da aka tace daga kayan gona kamar su dankali, kanwa, masara da sha'ir. Irin wannan murhun yana da fa'idar da zata iya sarrafa yawan zafin da zamu iya fitarwa.
Ina fatan cewa tare da wannan bayanin zaku iya ƙarin koyo game da wannan tasirin muhalli.