Mun san cewa Duniya tana da ƙungiyoyi da yawa waɗanda suke na juyawa da fassara. Da wannan muna nufin saboda wadannan motsi, akwai solstices da equinoxes. Equinox lokaci ne na shekara lokacin da rana take sama sama da kima, saboda haka an daidaita ta akan zenith. Wannan yana nufin cewa dare da dare suna da kusan tsawon lokaci ɗaya. Akasin haka yana faruwa tare da solstice.
A cikin wannan labarin zamu gaya muku duk halaye da bambance-bambance tsakanin solstices da equinoxes.
Menene solstices da equinoxes
Equinoxes
Abu na farko shine sanin menene solstices da equinoxes. Equinox shine lokacin da rana ta kasance akan makarrabanta kuma rana takanyi daidai da dare. Wato, suna ɗaukar kimanin awanni 12. Wannan na faruwa sau biyu a shekara, kusan 20 ga Maris da 22 ga Satumba. Wannan yayi daidai da farkon bazara da faduwa a wasu yankuna.
Idan muka raba duniya zuwa rabi biyu, daya yana haskakawa da hasken rana daya kuma yana da duhu. A daya muna da rana a daya kuma da daddare. Layin raba yana wucewa ta dama ta sandunan. Wannan yana faruwa ne saboda a lokacin equinoxes duka sandunan basu karkata zuwa ko nesa da rana ba. Ba koyaushe yake faruwa a rana ɗaya ba. Suna da iyaka na kwanaki da yawa. Wannan saboda tsawan shekarun ba koyaushe bane. Ka tuna cewa duk bayan shekaru 4 idan ka kara kwana daya a kalanda saboda shekara ce ta tsalle. A lokacin equinoxes, rana ta kasance a ɗaya daga cikin maki biyu a sararin samaniya inda mashigar samaniya da keɓaɓɓiyar haɗuwa suke. Wannan ya dace da da'ira a cikin jirgin sama ɗaya da mai daidaitawa. Wato kenan, sararin samaniya shine tsinkayen mahaɗar ƙasa.
Daidaitowar vernal yana faruwa lokacinda kawai ya motsa arewa a cikin jirgin sama na mashin sannan ya ratsa ilahirin kitsen samaniya. Anan zamu ga cewa lokacin bazara yana farawa a arewacin duniya. A gefe guda, girkin kaka yana faruwa yayin da rana ta kewayawa zuwa mashigin samaniya zuwa kudu. Yana nuna farkon faɗuwa.
Solstets
Solstices abubuwa ne da rana take kaiwa zuwa mafi girmanta ko mafi ƙasƙanci a duk tsawon shekara a sama. A cikin shekara guda a Arewacin duniya akwai solstets biyu. A gefe guda, muna da lokacin bazara, a gefe guda kuma, lokacin hunturu. Na farko yana faruwa ne a ranakun 20-21 ga Yuni da lokacin sanyi a ranar 22-22 ga Disamba. A duk lokacin da ake amfani da hasken rana, rana tana kan daya daga cikin layuka biyu na duniya wadanda aka sani da Tropic of Cancer da Tropic of Capricorn. Lokacin da rana ta faɗi a kan Tropic of Cancer shine lokacin bazara a lokacin rani kuma lokacin da take cikin Tropic of Capricorn, hunturu yakan fara.
A lokacin farkon solstice a nan ne muke samun rana mafi tsayi a shekara, yayin da na biyu shine mafi kankantar rana da dare mafi tsayi.
Solstices da equinoxes na bazara da hunturu
Lokacin bazara
Yawancin lokaci ana tunanin cewa ranar, farkon lokacin bazara, ita ce mafi tsananin zafi. Amma ba lallai bane ya zama hakan. Yanayin ƙasa, ƙasar da muke tsaye a kanta da kuma tekuna suna karɓar wani ɓangare na makamashi daga tauraron rana kuma suna adana shi. Wannan makamashin an sake shi a yanayin zafi; duk da haka, ka tuna cewa Duk da yake an saki zafi daga duniya daidai da sauri, ruwan yana daukar tsayi.
Yayin babbar rana, wanda shine farkon lokacin bazara, ɗayan ɓangarorin biyu yana karɓar ƙarfin gaske daga Rana na shekara, tunda yana kusa da tauraron sarki kuma, sabili da haka, haskoki na tauraron da aka ambata ya iso madaidaiciya. Amma yanayin zafin teku da na ƙasa har yanzu suna da sauƙi ko ƙasa da ƙasa, a yanzu.
Solstices da equinoxes: lokacin sanyi solstice
Duniyar Planet ta kai wani matsayi a kan hanyarta inda hasken Rana ya buge samaniya ta wannan hanyar mafi karkata. Wannan na faruwa ne saboda Duniya ta fi karkata kuma da kyar hasken Rana ya zo kai tsaye. Wannan yana haifar 'yan awanni na hasken rana, yana mai da shi mafi ƙarancin ranar shekara.
Akwai mummunan ra'ayi a cikin al'umma gaba ɗaya game da hunturu da bazara gwargwadon nisan duniya da Rana.Ya fahimci cewa a lokacin bazara yafi zafi saboda Duniya tana kusa da Rana kuma a lokacin sanyi tana cikin sanyi saboda mu samu kara nesa. Amma gaba daya akasin haka ne. Fiye da matsayin Duniya game da Rana, abin da ke tasiri ga yanayin zafin duniya shi ne son da hasken Rana ya buge shi. A lokacin hunturu, a kan solstice, Duniya ta fi kusa da Rana, amma karkatarta ita ce mafi girma a Arewacin Hemisphere. Sabili da haka, lokacin da haskoki suka riski saman duniya suna da karkata sosai, ranar tafi gajarta kuma suma suna da rauni, saboda haka basa zafin iska sosai kuma yana da sanyi.
Yanayin bazara da na bazara
Anan dole ne mu rarrabe kwatancen equinox gwargwadon tsaran inda muke. A gefe guda, yankin arewa, lokacin da yake daidai da rana muna da wancan a sanda Arewa wata rana zata wuce tsawon watanni 6, yayin da a Pole ta Kudu, dare zai wuce watanni 6. Har ila yau, dole in tuna cewa kaka ta fara ne daga yankin kudu.
Kamar yadda kake gani, solstices da equinoxes galibi saboda motsin duniya dangane da rana kuma yanayin zafi da yanayin muhalli ya dogara ne da son hasken rana. Ina fatan cewa tare da wannan bayanin zaku iya koyo game da solstices da equinoxes.