Mun san cewa a cikin yanayi akwai abubuwan da zasu iya faruwa ba tare da wasu takamaiman yanayi ba. Irin wannan yanayin na duniya na iya tasirin tasirin babban dutsen mai aman wuta. Shahararren shekara ba tare da bazara ba daga 1816 ya kasance cikakken abu don yin tunani akan waɗanne fannoni na duniya zasu iya shafar yanayin sosai.
A cikin wannan labarin zamu gaya muku duk abin da kuke buƙatar sani game da shekara ba tare da bazara ba da kuma yadda wasu yanayi ke shafar yanayin duniya.
Shekarar da babu bazara
Sakamakon fashewar Dutsen Tambora, wanda yake dutsen da ke cikin Bagua tsakanin 5 ga Afrilu da 10, 1816, an fitar da gizagizai na ƙura da toka zuwa sararin samaniya. Fiye da mutane 12.000 suka mutu a cikin awanni 24 na farko, wanda akasarinsa ya samo asali ne daga ambaliyar ruwa da kuma kwararar ruwa. Bayan haka, wasu mutane 75.000 suka mutu saboda yunwa da cuta bayan wannan ɓarkewar mafi girma a cikin shekaru 2.000.
Kasancewarta ɗaya daga cikin manyan fashe-fashe a duniya, miliyoyin tan na tokar dutsen mai fitarwa da ton miliyan 55 na ƙwan sulphur dioxide aka fitar wanda ya tashi zuwa tsayin kilomita 32 a sararin samaniya. Duk da cewa fashewar fashewa ce, iskar tana da igiyoyin ruwa masu karfi wadanda ke jan gizagizai da suka watse zuwa yamma. Wannan ya sanya duk abin da dutsen mai fitarwa ke fitarwa ya zagaye duniya cikin makonni biyu kawai.
Bayan watanni biyu wadannan rafuffuka suka isa Pole ta Arewa da Pole ta Kudu. Kyakkyawan ƙwayoyin sulfur sun zama an dakatar da su cikin iska tsawon shekaru. A lokacin bazara na shekara bayan fashewar, an samar da wani labulen toka wanda ba zai iya ganuwa ba wanda ya mamaye duniya baki daya. Wannan gefen mai haske ya nuna hasken rana kuma bai ba da damar haskoki zuwa saman ba, yana rage zafin jiki na duk duniya. Bugu da kari, hakan ya haifar da matsalar yanayi a duniya. Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa shekarar da babu bazara ta faru a shekara ta 1816.
Ba kowane irin fansa na Allah bane kamar yadda ake zato a wancan lokacin, amma mafi munin fashewar dutse ne. Wannan yana sa yanayin ya yi sanyi da digiri da yawa na shekaru.
Tasirin shekara guda ba tare da bazara ba
Cikakken tasirin sanyaya na dukkan duniya ya samo asali ne daga masifar Tambora kuma ba a fara lura da shi ba sai bayan shekara guda. Gizagizai masu watsewar ruwa a cikin stratosphere sun rage adadin ƙarfin rana zuwa duniya. Iska, da ƙasa, sannan tekuna sun saukar da zafinsu. Ana iya yin nazarin wannan ta hanyar ƙawancen girma na itacen oak na Turai. Wannan sutudiyo ya gaya mana cewa shekara ta 1816 ita ce shekara ta biyu mafi sanyi a yankin Arewa tun shekara ta 1400.
Yayin rani da damina suna birgima, gajimaren ya haskaka da hasken rana ja, purple da lemu mai haske a Landan. Ana iya cewa sama tana da wuta a wasu wurare. A lokacin bazara na 1816 har yanzu akwai dusar ƙanƙara a arewa maso gabashin Amurka da Kanada. Sanyin ya kuma isa Tennessee kuma yanayin daskarewa ya kasance har zuwa Yuni. Waɗannan su ne ƙananan yanayin yanayin cewa a wasu wurare kamar New Hampshire ba shi yiwuwa a huce ƙasar.
A cikin wannan watan akwai iska mai sanyi sosai kuma guguwa mai girma ta faɗi inda da yawa Tsuntsaye sun mutu cikin daskarewa a kan tituna makonni biyu kacal kafin lokacin bazara. Yawancin albarkatu sun lalace a ƙarshe saboda tsananin sanyi. Hakanan garken tumaki da yawa suma sun mutu cikin sanyi. Wannan lokaci ne lokacin da ilimin kimiyyar yanayi bai kasance ba har yanzu kuma babu tsinkayen yanayi kowane iri.
Idan babu kimiyya, masu bautar Allah suka yi duk wata hadari Allah ne ya sa ya sanya alama ta fushin Allah. Turai kuma ta sami ƙarancin yanayin zafi da sanyi da bazara mai sanyi fiye da yadda aka saba. Saboda tsadar baron, akwai rikice-rikice iri-iri a Faransa.
Sakamakon
Akwai karatu da yawa akan shekara ba tare da bazara ba kuma galibi sun dogara ne akan nazarin zoben itacen oak na Turai. Wadannan zobban sun nuna cewa a wannan shekara ta 1816 shine mafi sanyi tun shekara ta 1400. Tashin hankali akan mazauna ya karu. Tsananin sanyi da fari sun shafe ciyawa da masara a wurare da yawa, tare da iska ta watan Oktoba a watan Agusta. A yankin Turai yana da ruwan sama koyaushe da dusar ƙanƙara mai ƙarfi, musamman a yankunan tsaunuka na Switzerland. Wannan ya sa koguna da koguna suka yi ambaliya.
Gidajen baƙauye sun fara aiki da gaggawa don adana kayan lambu kuma an yi jigilar duk ciyawar da aka jiƙa a cikin kwale-kwale. Hanya ce kaɗai don adana amfanin gona gwargwadon iko. A Jamus dankalin turawa ya kare a ruɓe a ƙofar ƙasar hadari ya lalata yawancin amfanin gona. Har ila yau, an girbe girbin hatsi, inabin bai yi inabi a gonakin inabi ba kuma na gan su kusan kowace rana tsawon makonni 5 a jere.
A Paris akwai wasu shugabannin cocin wadanda suka ba da umarnin yin addu’o’i na musamman har tsawon kwanaki 9 don kokarin roƙon Allah ya kawo ƙarshen wannan mummunan yanayin. Yan kasuwa a duk faɗin Turai sun ɗaga farashi, yayin da wahalar matalauta ta kai matuka, duk cikin tsammanin girbi mara kyau. Duk a cikin Spain da Fotigal sanyi sanyi ya ci gaba da yanayin zafi matsakaita kimanin digiri 2-3 a ƙasa da al'ada.
Sun kasance suna da wadataccen ruwa a cikin watan Agusta, kasancewar maza gaba ɗaya sun bushe. Sanyin da danshi sun lalata amfanin gona a ko'ina cikin ƙasar. Wani mai kallon sama ya lura cewa a cikin dukkan watan Yuli akwai kwanaki 3 kawai marasa girgije. Yanayin sanyi ya kashe 'ya'yan, musamman' ya'yan inabi, saboda kawai na yi ɗan girbin girbi. Wannan ya samar da giya mara kyau. Itatuwan zaitun kuma suna sanyin sanyi da zafi kuma basu bada dida fruitan inganci ba.
A takaice, mummunan bala'i ne sanadiyyar fashewar dutsen mai karfin gaske. Ina fatan cewa tare da wannan bayanin zaku iya koyo game da shekara ba tare da bazara ba.