Akwai jimillar taurari tamanin da takwas da Ƙungiyar Taurari ta Duniya ta amince da ita a hukumance. Waɗannan gungu ne na taurari waɗanda ke samar da ƙanana, ƙayyadaddun tsari. Ba sa taɓa juna, kuma kowanne yana da takamaiman suna. Duk da haka, akwai wasu shahararrun taurari cewa kowa ya san yadda ake yi kuma ya fi sauƙi a gane su a sararin samaniya.
A cikin wannan labarin za mu ba ku wasu shahararrun taurarin taurari, halayensu da ƙari mai yawa.
Asalin shahararren tsarin taurari
A zamanin da, masana ilmin taurari sun ƙirƙiri taurari ba tare da ingantaccen tsari ba, don haka a cikin shekaru da yawa, taswirar taurari sun ƙare sun zama matsala ta gaske, tare da taurari suna raba taurari fiye da ɗaya. Akwai sama da dari daga cikinsu, amma babu wani umarni da a kayyade su.
Ta wannan ma'ana, Ƙungiyar Taurari ta Duniya ta gudanar da taronta na farko a shekara ta 1922 don kafa tsarin dauri na taurari. A lokacin. An rage jerin taurarin taurari zuwa tamanin da takwas, kowace ƙungiyar taurari tana da cikakken suna. Amma an sake kiran wani taro a 1925 don sanin iyakokin da ke tsakaninsu. Wannan shi ne yadda aka kirkiro taswirar sama kamar yadda muka sani a yanzu, inda taurari tamanin da takwas suka bayyana tare da ƙayyadaddun iyaka.
shahararrun taurari
Babban Barka
Babban Dipper sananne ne kuma mai sauƙin gane ƙungiyar taurari a sararin sama. Ƙungiya ce ta taurari bakwai masu haske waɗanda suka yi siffar kama da guga ko carti. dangane da yadda kuke kallo.
Abu mai ban sha'awa game da Big Dipper shine ana iya amfani dashi don nemo wasu taurari da abubuwan sama. Misali, za ka iya samun Tauraron Pole, wanda shi ne tauraruwar da ke nuna alamar arewa.
Wani abin da ke tattare da wannan tauraro shi ne cewa tauraro mai dawafi ne, don haka a ko da yaushe ana iya ganin ta a sararin sama daga mafi yawan latitudes a yankin arewa. Wannan saboda yana kusa da iyakar Arewa Celestial Pole, kuma motsinsa na zahiri a sararin sama yana da sannu a hankali wanda ba zai taɓa ɓacewa gaba ɗaya a ƙasan sararin sama ba.
Bearamin ararami
Ursa Minor wata ƙungiyar taurari ce da ke da sauƙin ganewa a sararin samaniya. Kamar Big Dipper, ƙungiyar taurari ce mai dawafi a Arewacin Hemisphere kuma koyaushe ana iya gani daga mafi yawan latitudes. Ursa Minor yana da taurari bakwai. kasancewar Polaris ko Tauraruwar Polar mafi haske kuma mafi sanannun su.
Polaris yana a ƙarshen wutsiya kuma yana da mahimmancin tauraro mai mahimmanci don kewayawa a sararin samaniya, tun da yake koyaushe yana cikin wuri ɗaya a cikin sararin sama, yana nuna alamar arewa.
Ba kamar Babban Dipper ba, ƙaramar Dipper ba ta da kyan gani. Ga alama an haɗa ƙungiyoyin taurari biyu ta hanyar haƙiƙa, kuma tare suka zama sanannen "Kofin Celestial" a sararin sama na dare. Bayan haka, Ursa Minor yana cikin babbar ƙungiyar taurari da ake kira Draco, wanda shi ne gungun taurarin dodanni da ke tafe a sararin sama kusa da igiyar sama ta arewa.
Cassiopeia
Taurari na Cassiopeia yana da sauƙin ganewa a sararin sama saboda yana da siffa ta "M" ko "W". Ana iya samun shi a kusa da Pole na Arewa, yana mai da shi a bayyane a Arewacin Hemisphere duk shekara.
Ya ta'allaka ne tsakanin taurari na Perseus da Cepheus., kuma siffarsa tana da ban mamaki sosai. Wannan ƙungiyar taurari ta ƙunshi taurari biyar masu haske, waɗanda ke wakiltar Sarauniya Cassiopeia da kursiyinta. Tauraro mafi haske a Cassiopeia ana kiransa Alpha Cassiopeiae.
Ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan ban sha'awa game da wannan ƙungiyar taurari shine cewa matsayinta a sararin sama yana canzawa a cikin dare da kuma tsawon yanayi. A lokacin rani, Cassiopeia yana cikin matsayi mafi girma a sararin sama, yayin da a cikin hunturu ana iya ganin shi kusa da sararin sama. Haka kuma an san shi da zama gida ga ɗaya daga cikin mafi ƙanƙanta kuma mafi kyawun taurari da ake kira Cassiopeia A star. Wannan tauraro wani tauraro neutron ne, wanda shine tushen rugujewar babban tauraro wanda ya fashe a matsayin supernova.
Canis Manjo
Canis Major wani tauraro ne da ake iya samunsa a sararin sama na dare a yankin kudu kuma an san shi daya ne daga cikin taurari masu haske da saukin ganewa a sararin sama. Sunansa a zahiri yana fassara a matsayin "babban kare" a cikin Latin, kuma mafi kyawun tauraro shine Sirius, wanda kuma ita ce tauraro mafi haska a sararin samaniya. A cikin tarihin Girkanci, Canis Major yana wakiltar mai kula da mafarauci Orion, wanda kuma shi ne ƙungiyar taurari a kusa.
Duk taurari tare suna yin siffar kare. Daya daga cikin mafi ban sha'awa fasali shi ne cewa ya ƙunshi da yawa nebulae da tauraro gungu, wanda shi ne rukuni na taurari samuwa a cikin wannan yanki na sarari. Ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun gungu a cikin Canis Major shine buɗaɗɗen gungu M41, wanda za'a iya gani tare da ƙananan na'urori masu auna sigina da binoculars.
giciye arewa
Northern Cross wani tauraro ne da ake samu a yankin arewa kuma ana iya gane shi cikin sauƙi ta siffar giciye. Har ila yau, wani lokaci ana kiranta "Little Cross" don bambanta shi da Kudancin Cross.
Ya ƙunshi taurari huɗu masu haske, waɗanda ke yin giciye. Tauraro mafi haskakawa a cikin giciye shine Polaris, wanda kuma aka sani da Tauraron Arewa, kuma yana a ƙarshen gicciye. Ban da siffar giciye, Hakanan ana iya bambanta shi da matsayinsa a sararin sama. Ana iya samun ƙungiyar tauraro a kusa da ƙungiyar taurarin Ursa kuma ana iya gani duk shekara a Arewacin Hemisphere.
Daya daga cikin abubuwan da suka fi daukar hankali na Cross Cross shine muhimmancin al'adu a yawancin al'ummomi. Ga wasu al'adun ƴan asalin Arewacin Amirka, Ana ganin Polaris a matsayin tauraro mai mahimmanci a cikin ilimin sararin samaniya kuma ana amfani dashi a cikin al'ada da bukukuwa.
A ƙarshe, a cikin shahararrun taurari kuma muna da duk taurarin zodiacal kamar su Aries, Taurus, Gemini, Cancer, Leo, Virgo, Libra, Scorpio, Sagittarius, Capricorn, Aquarius da Pisces.
Ina fatan cewa tare da wannan bayanin za ku iya ƙarin koyo game da shahararrun taurari da halayensu.