Ofaya daga cikin gulfs da ke da yawancin halittu a cikin Bahar Rum shine ramin zaki. Fata ce mai fadi ta wannan teku da ke fuskantar bakin teku mai yashi na yankunan Faransa na kudu na Occitania da Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur. An gano wannan gulbin ba kawai don ilimin geology ba, amma saboda gida ne ga kashi ɗaya bisa huɗu na dukkan nau'ikan da ke cikin Bahar Rum.
Sabili da haka, zamu sadaukar da wannan labarin don gaya muku duk abin da kuke buƙatar sani game da Tekun León, halaye da nau'o'in halittu da ke ciki.
Babban fasali
An raba Tekun León daga gabas ta hanyar ruwan daddawa wanda aka haɗu ta hanyar haɗuwar Kogin Rhone da Bahar Rum tsakanin gabas da Côte d'Azur. Iyakokin kudu maso yamma shine inda Pyrenees suka haɗu da Bahar Rum, Faransa da Spain, an rabu da Costa Brava a cikin Catalonia.
Yankin yankin yana bayyane anan a matsayin filin fili mai faɗi, kuma yankin bakin teku yana gangarowa cikin hanzari zuwa ga zurfin ruwa mai zurfin Bahar Rum. Yankin gabar tekun yana da kusan kasancewar kasancewar layin ruwa da kuma tafkuna masu yawa. Wasu kantunan, galibi farar ƙasa, suna da iyaka da waɗannan manyan shimfidar wurare.
Babban tashar jirgin ruwa ita ce Marseille, sai Toulon ta biyo baya. Masunta a yankin mashigin ruwa sun mamaye kodin, akasarinsu na tafiya a ƙasa, amma a yanzu yana raguwa saboda yawan kifi. Wannan sanannen yankin sanyi ne, tare da iska mai ƙarfi, wanda ake kira iska ta arewa maso yamma ko iska mai iska. Babban kogunan da suke kwarara zuwa cikin mashigar sune Tech (84,3 km), Têt (120 km), Aude (224 km), Orb (145 km), Hérault (160 km), Vidourle (85 km) and Rhone (812 km) ).
Bay na León ba yanki ne mai sauƙin wucewa na ƙasa ba, amma sakamakon ƙungiyar Oligocene-Miocene Corsican-Sardinia da ke juyawa daidai da agogo daidai da Europa Craton. Wannan fadadawa ya sake sabunta tsarin tsarin hadadden gado wanda aka gada daga juyin halittar Tethys da Pyrenean orogeny. Yunkurin kwayar halitta na Eocene ya haifar da bayyanar Pyrenees ya matse kuma ya rage dukkan ɓawon burodi. Masana ilimin ƙasa sun yi hasashen cewa za a sami 'yan filayen man fetur na ƙetare a gefen bay.
Bambance-bambancen Halitta na Tekun Leon
Abin sananne ne game da bambancin yanayin halittar ta, kuma wadatattun halittu masu yawa sun dogara ne da yawan plankton a matsayin tushen abinci ga kifi da dabbobi da yawa. Shawarwarin LIC ya ba da tabbacin kariyar sa da bin sa yana bayarwa wani saitin kwatancen da ba za'a misalta shi ba don bayyana canjin yanayi mai mahimmancin yanayi da jinsis.
LIFI + TATTALON ARZIKI wanda Gidauniyar Dabbobi daban-daban ta Ma'aikatar Aikin Gona, Abinci da Muhalli ta tsara - wanda aka sanar da sakamakonsa a watan Afrilun shekarar da ta gabata - ya tabbatar da cewa kogin karkashin ruwa na Bay of León yana da Bahar Rum.
Ruwa na karkashin ruwa yanki ne na ruwa wanda ya hada da Cap de Creus continental shelf da Cap de Creus da Lacaze-Duthiers gorges da ke saman shimfidar kasashen Faransa. Sararin samaniya yana da sama da muraba'in kilomita 987 da halaye na muhalli na musamman. Ana kiyaye shi ta hanyar gabatarwar sa azaman rukunin Muhimman Al'umma (SCI). Kulawarsa yana ba da tsarin da babu kamarsa bayyana canjin yanayi na mahalli masu mahimmanci da nau'ikan halittu, haɗe tare da kariya. Wasu ayyukan cikin gida na tattalin arziki saboda shine ɗayan yankuna masu matukar amfani a cikin Bahar Rum.
Tsarin kwale-kwalen na karkashin teku yana a ƙarshen ƙarshen ƙarshen yankin Tekun Iberiya duka kuma yana da kusan nau'ikan 2.200, wanda ke wakiltar kashi ɗaya cikin huɗu na nau'in da aka rubuta a cikin Bahar Rum.
Sararin yana gabatar da nau'o'in halittu da yawa a cikin karamin yanki: tsarin halittu na bakin teku, shiryayyun halittu da gangara, da kuma al'ummomin da ke karkashin ruwa, saboda haka yana da babban nau'ikan halittu. Babban arzikin wannan wurin wani bangare ne saboda yawan plankton, tare da matakin kifayen kifaye masu tamani na kasuwanci kamar su cod da krill, waɗanda suma tushen abinci ne ga kifi da yawa da kifin.
Gidan mazaunin halittu masu yawa na Tekun Leon
Madrepora oculata da Lophelia pertusa, ɗayan mafi kyaun al'ummomin murjani mai ruwan sanyi a cikin Bahar Rum, ana samun su a cikin magudanan ruwa na Cap de Creus. Domin matsi na ayyukan ɗan adam, waɗannan nau'ikan sun ɓace a wani wuri.
Dabbobin dolphin da aka zazzaɓi da kifayen kifayen ruwan teku sun zama gama gari a wannan yankin, inda ake ganin kifayen dolphin na kwalba a cikin wuraren zama na bakin teku. Har ila yau, kwazaunin yana da mahimmin mazauni don mahimman tsuntsaye. Daga cikin su, ruwan tekun na Bahar Rum ya fita waje, wanda za'a iya gani a rana daya har zuwa samfuran 1.200, da kuma barazanar kogin Balearic. A lokacin hunturu, ƙafafun ƙafafun ƙafafunsu suna da yawa a cikin ruwan kogin, kazalika da kwarkwatar Audouin da gandun daji na Atlantic.
Wannan bambancin mazaunin da yanayin halittar ruwa kuma gida ne ga wasu nau'ikan nau'ikan dabbobin da ke da salon rayuwa daban-daban, kamar su masu tace abinci, abubuwan dakatarwa, masu banbanci, masu satar mutane da mafarauta. Dukansu suna cin gajiyar haɓakar haɓakar halittun ruwa na Tekun Leon.
Wannan nau'ikan wadataccen martani ne ga abubuwa da dama, wadannan abubuwan suna faruwa kwatankwacin lokaci guda a yankin teku na gabar yamma na gabar Tekun Zakin, kuma yawan kimar muhallin shi yasa ya zama al'adun Turai.
Adana nau'ikan halittu
Idan muna son kiyaye jinsunan da ke cikin wadannan halittu na yau da kullun, yana da mahimmanci mu gabatar da dokoki da zasu daidaita yawan ayyukan da za'a iya aiwatarwa. Daya daga cikin hanyoyin fadada ilimi ga jama'a shine ta hanyar ilimin muhalli. Godiya gare shi zamu iya watsawa ga jama'a ƙimomin kiyayewa da mahimmancin waɗannan tsarukan halittu don kiyaye su na dogon lokaci. Babban burin shine a sami damar kiyaye yanayin halittu da ci gaba da fitar da albarkatu ba tare da bukatar kaskantar da muhallin halittu na dukkan jinsunan da muka ambata a sama ba.
Kamar yadda kake gani, Tekun Zakin yana da wadatar da yawa a cikin halittu masu yawa kuma kariyarsa na da mahimmanci. Ina fatan cewa tare da wannan bayanin zaku iya koyo game da Tekun Zaki da halayensa.