Kwarin Rift

El raftan kwari Babban lissafin ilimin kasa ne wanda ya fara kirkira kimanin shekaru miliyan 30 da suka gabata kuma ya mamaye yanki mai nisan kilomita 4830 ta hanyar arewa da kudu.

A yau ana ɗaukarta a matsayin gadon ɗan adam saboda yawan burbushin halittun da aka samo a wurin. Bugu da ƙari kuma, UNESCO ta bayyana tabkuna a matsayin Tarihin Duniya a cikin 2011. Amma, Menene kuma na musamman game da wannan yanki?

Daga ina ku ke?

Kamar yadda muka fada a farko, Kwarin Rift ya fara kirkiro ne kimanin shekaru miliyan 30 da suka gabata sakamakon rabuwar faranti na tectonic (Somali, Indian, Arabian and Eurasian). Yayin da lokaci ya wuce kuma narkar da dunkulen duniyan nan ta narkakken magma wanda ke tashi zuwa sama, ana yin rami mai tsawo tare da gangaren da ke da babbar ganga.

Yankin tsakiyar duwatsu masu tsattsauran ra'ayi akai-akai, yana haifar da lahani wanda dutsen dutse ke yin nunin faifai a tsaye. A yankuna da yawa waɗannan tubalan sun nitse don ƙirƙirar graben, wanda shine doguwar baƙin ciki da ke kan iyakokin ɓangarorin biyu ta hanyar kuskuren al'ada daidai.

Yaya yanayin ka yake?

Kwarin Rift, wanda ke gabashin nahiyar Afirka, yana da fadada kilomita 4830. A yankin gabashinta zamu sami savannas na Afirka, inda bauna na Afirka, dawa, da rakumin dawa ko zaki suke rayuwa; kuma ta yamma tana daukar dazuzzuka, waxanda suke mazaunin chimpanzees da gorillas, da sauransu.

A can kuma za ku iya ganin dutsen tsaunin Kilimanjaro, wanda dutse ne da ke arewa maso yammacin kasar ta Tanzania wanda wasu tsaunuka uku da ba su aiki suka kafa (Shira da ke can yamma kuma yana da tsayin mita 3962, Maswenzi da ke gabas kuma yana da tsawon mita 5149 na tsawo da kuma Uhuru wanda yake a tsakiyar duka wanda yake da tsayin mita 5891,8), ban da wasu manyan manyan tabkuna a nahiyar, kamar Turkana, Tanganyika ko Malawi.

Sakamakon rabuwar da Rift Valley yayi, a gabashin nahiyar sauyin yanayi ya fi na yamma yamma, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa a wannan yanki na Afirka savannah ya bayyana da farko, sannan kuma birrai na gari waɗanda har zuwa lokacin suna rayuwa a cikin bishiyoyi. Daga baya tabbas sun zama na ƙasa, suna koyon tafiya a ƙafafunsu na baya biyu waɗanda muka sani a yau kamar ƙafafu.

Wannan yanki ne mai ban sha'awa don ƙarin koyo game da ƙarshen rayuwar ɗan adam, tun babban raƙuman ya fallasa ɗaruruwan mita na yanayin ƙasaDon haka gano burbushin mutane ba wai kawai aiki ne mai wahala ba, dole ne kuma ya kasance mai ban sha'awa.

Menene tabkuna na Babban kwarin Rift?

Tabkunan da suke cikin wannan kwarin sune wasu daga cikin mafiya arzikin halittu a duniya. Har yanzu An gano nau'ikan kifin cichlid 800 (kifi mai kyau), kuma akwai sauran da yawa waɗanda har yanzu suna jiran a gano su.

Amma kuma, kodayake tabkuna basu da matukar amfani wajen shayar da iskar gas mai gurɓataccen gurɓataccen iska wanda ake samu daga burbushin halittu, aerosol da sauransu, suna yi akwai bukatar rage sare dazuzzuka da maido da waɗancan yankunan da aka share. Dazuzzuka, duk a cikin Afirka da kuma koina a duniya, suna shayar da iskar gas kamar carbon dioxide, don haka rage tasirin canjin yanayi.

Sunayensu:

Habasha

• Tafkin Abaya: na 1162km2
• Tekun Chamo: na 551km2
• Tafkin Ziway: na 485km2
• Shala Lake: na 329km2
• Koka Koka: na 250km2
• Tekun Langanao: na 230km2
• Kogin Abijatta: na 205km2
• Tafkin Awasa: na 129km2

Kenya

• Tafkin Turkana: na 6405km2
• Tafkin Logipi: wani tabki ne mara zurfi wanda yake a kwarin Suguta
• Tafkin Baringo: na 130km2
• Tafkin bogoria: na 34km2
• Lake nakuru: na 40km2
• Tafkin Elmenteita: tabki mai zurfi.
• Kogin Naivasha: na 160km2
• Tafkin Magadi: tabki mai zurfi wanda ke kusa da kan iyaka da Tanzania.

Tanzania

• Lake natron- Tabkin tabarau wanda Asusun Kula da Dabbobin Duniya ya kasafta a matsayin azkar mai saurin yaduwa daga Gabashin Afirka.
• Lake Manyara: na 231km2
• Tafkin Eyasi: tafki maras yanayi
• Tafkin Makati

Tekuna na yamma

• Tafkin Albert: na 5300km2
• Tafkin Eduardo: na 2325km2
• Tekun Kivu: na 2220km2
• Tafkin Tanganyika: na 32000km2

Kudancin tabkuna

• Tafkin Rukwa: kusan 560km2
• Unguwar Malawi: na 30000km2
• Tekun Malombe: na 450km2
• Tafkin Chilwa: na 1750km2

Sauran tabkuna

• Tafkin Moero: na 4350km2
• Tafkin Mweru Wantipa: na 1500km2

Kwarin Rift wuri ne mai jan hankali, cike da rai. Daya daga cikin wadanda dole ne ka je ka kalla sau daya. Muna fatan kun ji daɗin wannan labarin da aka keɓe wa jaririyar ɗan adam.