Neogene fauna

Neogene fauna

A cikin Zamanin Cenozoic akwai lokuta da yawa. Ya Lokacin Neogene shine karo na biyu na wannan zamanin kuma ya fara kimanin shekaru miliyan 23 da suka gabata kuma ya ƙare kimanin shekaru miliyan 2.6 da suka gabata. A wannan lokacin, duniyarmu ta sami jerin canje-canje da sauye-sauye duka a matakin ilimin ƙasa da matakin bambancin halittu. Da Neogene fauna An bayyana ta ne da samun ɗayan mahimman abubuwa a tarihin duniya, kamar bayyanar farkon hominids.

A cikin wannan labarin zamu gaya muku duk halaye da canje-canje na dabbobin Neogene.

Lokacin Neogene

Wannan zamanin Neogene ya kai kimanin shekaru miliyan 20 kuma yana da canje-canje masu yawa a matakin ilimin ƙasa da matakin bambancin halittu. An san cewa lokaci ne na farko da hominids da aka fi sani da Australopithecus ya bayyana. Wannan nau'in hominids suna wakiltar tsofaffin kakannin mutum.

A lokacin zamanin Neogene akwai babban canji a matakin duniyan dangane da aikin ilimin kasa. Nahiyoyin sun ci gaba da gudun hijira sannu a hankali daga wuraren da muke da su a yau. Wannan motsi na nahiyoyi ya sa an canza hanyoyin ruwa kuma wasu shingaye na zahiri sun taso, kamar mashigar Panama. Waɗannan ƙungiyoyi na ƙasa sun kasance mahimman abubuwan da suka haifar da raguwar yanayin zafi a cikin Tekun Atlantika.

Duk waɗannan canje-canjen a matakan ilimin ƙasa da yanayin zafin jiki sun rinjayi bayyanar da ci gaban wasu halittu. A duk tsawon wannan lokacin an lura da bambancin rayuwar dabbobi. Groupsungiyoyin dabbobi waɗanda suka sami babban canji sun kasance halittun duniya da na dabbobi, tsuntsaye da dabbobi masu rarrafe.

Ci gaban rayuwa a cikin Neogene

Duk tsawon wannan lokacin akwai fadada sifofin rayuwar da ake dasu. Saboda yanayin, yanayin yanayin duniya yana da babban tasiri akan ci gaba da sabon kafa halittu masu rai. Dukansu flora da fauna sun sami canje-canje iri-iri, tare da fauna da ke fuskantar mafi girman rarrabawa. Flora ta kasance ta ɗan tsaya sosai.

Neogene flora ya fito fili don ya zama mafi tsayuwa saboda yanayi. Tunda yanayi a wannan lokacin ya ɗan yi sanyi, ya iyakance ci gaban manyan dazuzzuka da gandun daji. Bugu da kari, wannan faduwar yanayin yanayin ya kuma haifar da bacewar manyan wurare daga cikinsu. Dangane da waɗannan yanayi na muhalli, wasu nau'ikan tsire-tsire dole su bunƙasa wanda zai iya daidaita da yanayin ƙarancin yanayin zafi.

Tsire-tsire waɗanda zasu iya bunƙasa a ƙarƙashin ƙarin mummunan yanayi sune waɗanda suke cikin dangin mai ciyawar. Wasu kwararru suna maganar zamanin Neogene kamar shekarun ganye. Ba komai ya kasance mara kyau ga shuke-shuke ba. Wasu nau'ikan angiosperms suma an kafa su kuma sun sami nasara cikin nasara.

Neogene fauna

Zamu ga yadda yanayi da cigaban kasa suka shafi dabbobin Neogene. A wannan lokacin, kungiyoyin dabbobi daban-daban sun banbanta, daga cikinsu muna gane cewa sun samu cigaba kamar dabbobi masu shayarwa, da masu jan ciki, da tsuntsaye. Tsarin halittu na ruwa yana da ci gaba mai yawa, musamman ƙungiyar cetaceans.

Zamuyi nazarin daya bayan daya kungiyoyin dabbobin da suka bunkasa sosai yayin dabbobin Neogene.

Aves

A cikin rukunin tsuntsaye wadanda suka fi kowa bunkasa sune wadanda sun kasance daga ƙungiyar passerines. Wasu daga cikin tsuntsayen zamanin Neogene suma an sansu da suna tsuntsayen ta'addanci. Wannan babban rukunin dabbobi ya zauna a nahiyar Amurka. A yau tsuntsayen rukunin masu wuce gona da iri sune mafi yawan bangarori da fadi. An kiyaye shi tare da babban matakin rayuwa tsawon lokaci.

Daga cikin manyan halayensu muna da cewa su dabbobi ne wadanda suke da halin kafafuwa wadanda zasu hau bishiyar bishiyar. Bugu da kari, tana da ikon rera waka. Waɗannan ƙwarewar suna aiki ne don kafa hadaddun al'adun gargajiya. Ungiyar passerines kuma ana kiranta ƙungiyar ƙungiyar tsuntsaye. A lokacin zamanin Neogene rukunin tsuntsayen sun fara samun ƙarfi da ƙarfi kuma suna yin taro. Tun da nahiyoyin suka ci gaba da tafiya zuwa halin da ake ciki yanzu, wadannan dabbobin sun bazu.

Galibi a Kudancin Amurka shine inda aka sami mafi yawan burbushin halittu. Wadannan bayanan suna ba da shaidar kasancewar manyan tsuntsaye. Yawancin wadannan tsuntsayen sunada girma amma basu da karfin tashi. Koyaya, sun zama manyan mahautan wannan lokacin. Wannan rukunin tsuntsayen an san su da sunan tsuntsayen ta'addanci.

Neogene fauna: dabbobi masu shayarwa

fauna na cigaban neogene

Dabbobi masu shayarwa rukuni ne na dabbobi waɗanda suka sami babban canji. Ofaya daga cikin ƙungiyoyin da suka samo asali sune dabbobin gidan Bovidae da Cervidae. A cikin wadannan rukunoni biyu na dabbobi mun sami awaki, tumaki, dabbar daji, barewa da barewa. Duk waɗannan dabbobin sun faɗaɗa yankin rarraba su yadda ya kamata.

Hakanan, akwai wasu manyan dabbobi masu shayarwa kamar giwaye, mammoths da karkanda waɗanda suka sami babban ci gaba. Wasu daga cikin wadannan nau'ikan, kamar su mammoth, basu iya rayuwa ba har yanzu saboda wasu canje-canje da suka zo daga baya.

Har ila yau, ya kamata a yi la'akari da cewa a cikin fawan Neogene wasu birrai, musamman birai, sun yi fice. Kowane rukuni na birrai suna da mazauninsu daban-daban kuma sun sami canje-canje a tsarin juyin halittarsu. Yawancin filayen an samo su ne a cikin Afirka da Amurka.

A cikin fauna Neogene kuma mun sami ci gaban wasu manyan dabbobi masu shayarwa kamar su felines da canines. Wasu nau'ikan beyar da kuraye daban daban suma sun banbanta a wannan lokacin. A tsakanin rukunin dabbobi masu shayarwa, daya daga cikin mahimman abubuwan da suka faru ya faru a tsarin juyin halittar mutum. Kuma hakane farkon hominid ya bullo kuma ya bunkasa.

Farkon hominid da aka haɓaka ya yi baftisma da sunan Australopithecus. Yawanci ya kasance yana da nauyin ƙarami da motsi mai ƙafa.

dabbobi masu rarrafe

A ƙarshe, dabbobi masu rarrafe suma sun haɓaka a cikin fawan Neogene. Daga cikin su zamu samu kwadi, toads da macizai waɗanda suka sami damar faɗaɗa ikonsu. Wannan ya faru ne saboda yawan abincin da ake da su. Abincinsu ya ta'allaka ne akan kwari, wadanda sukayi yawa.

Ina fatan cewa tare da wannan bayanin zaku iya koyo game da fawan Neogene.


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