Duniyarmu tana da maganadisu. An san shi da sunan geomagnetic filin. Daga cikin daban-daban yadudduka na yanayi mun sami wani Layer wanda shine wanda ke da dukkanin maganadisu a duniya. Ana kiran wannan Layer magnetosphere. Wannan shine labarin yau game da. Zamuyi magana akan me maganadisai yake, meye amfanin sa da kuma amfanin sa.
Idan kanaso ka kara sani game da maganadisu, wannan shine post dinka.
Menene magnetosphere
Kamar dai muna magana ne game da maganadisu da ke tsakiyar duniyar tamu, maganadisun duniya yana aiki ne ta hanyoyin lantarki. Ana samar da igiyoyin lantarki ta abin da ake kira magudanar ruwa mai gudana a cikin ainihin duniyar duniyar. A cikin wannan cibiya ta waje mun sami babban ƙarfe na baƙin ƙarfe da ke motsawa cikin ko'ina cikin sararin samaniya saboda bambancin yawa. Hakanan waɗannan raƙuman ruwa masu gudana suna faruwa a cikin rufin Duniya kuma suna da alhakin motsi na nahiyoyi.
Duk da abin da zaku iya tunani, a cikin cikin tsakiyar duniya akwai yanayin zafin jiki mafi girma. Idan ba don matsi na kayan ba, da karfe zai zama narkar da shi gaba daya. Koyaya, ba saboda matsa lamba ne ya haifar da ƙarfin nauyi ba. Sabili da haka, a cikin ƙananan waje wanda yake a cikin Layer mai kauri kilomita 2000, ee ya ƙunshi narkakken baƙin ƙarfe, nickel da sauran ƙananan ƙwayoyin wasu karafa a cikin yanayin ruwa. Ta hanyar samun ƙarancin matsi fiye da sauran kayan za'a iya samun narkakken azaba.
Bambance-bambance a cikin zafin jiki, matsin lamba, da abun da ke ciki sune ke haifar da igiyar ruwa. Kamar yadda al'amarin yake mafi sanyi, sabili da haka cunkushewa, nutsuwa, al'amarin da ya fi dumama ya tashi. Akwai ma kiran coriolis karfi wanda sakamakon jujjuyawar kasa ne yake haifar da eddies a cikin wannan narkakken karfen. Saboda wannan duka, ana samar da igiyar lantarki a cikin duniyar duniyar wacce ke samar da filayen magnetic.
Chargedarafan caji ne waɗanda ke ratsa waɗannan filayen kuma suna ƙirƙirar hanyoyin lantarki na kansu. Wannan sake zagayowar, wanda ya wadatar da kansa, an san shi da yanayin yanayi.
Babban fasali
Da zarar mun san yadda maganadisu yake a duniya, zamu ga cewa magnetosphere shine ke sarrafa yanayin maganadiso na Duniya. Yanayin wannan maganadisu ya dogara da aikin iskar rana a kowane lokaci. Iska mai amfani da hasken rana tana sa gefen da ke gaban ya fadada zuwa nisan da yakai sau dubu radius na nisan dake tsakanin rana da duniya. Wannan babban fili na magnetosphere an san shi da wutsiyar maganadiso.
Arfin maganadisu ba ɗaya bane a duk yanayin duniya. Misali, ƙarfin ya kasance mafi ƙanƙanta a Equator kuma ya fi girma a sandunan. Iyakar yanayin maganadiso, kamar yadda yake tare da sauran hanyoyin sararin samaniya, ana kiranta magnetopause. Zamu iya cewa tsarin maganadiso yana da karfi sosai. Wannan saboda ya dogara da yawa akan aikin iskar rana. Magungunan Magnetic ba su yi daidai da sandunan wuri ba. Akwai bambanci kusan digiri 11 tsakanin su. Akwai karatuttuka da yawa da masana kimiyya suka gano kan canjin alkiblar da maganadisu ya samu. Hanya ta yanzu na maganadisun arewa ya fi mil 600 daga inda take a farkon XNUMXs. Hakanan an gano saurin su ya karu da mil 40 a shekara.
Akwai rubuce-rubuce masu yawa na ƙasa, musamman game da yanayin duwatsu, wanda ke nuna cewa wannan yanayin maganadiso ya sake juyawa sau ɗari a cikin shekaru miliyan 500 da suka gabata. A kowace juyawa, sandunan maganadisu yawanci suna a ƙarshen ƙarshen duniya. Wannan zai haifar da kampas na yau da kullun don nunawa zuwa sandar kudu maimakon sandar arewa.
Mahimmancin magnetosphere
Kamar yadda muka ambata a baya, akwai aikin rana wanda ake kira iskar hasken rana. Wannan iska mai amfani da hasken rana ba komai bane face rarar kwayoyi wadanda ake cajin su da sinadarin radiyo wanda yake zuwa daga rana. Godiya ga kasancewar magnetosphere zamu iya fahimtar wannan iskar hasken rana ba tare da lalata rayuwarmu ba. Yawancin lokaci muna ganin wannan iska mai amfani da hasken rana azaman fitilun arewa da guguwar iska. Idan ba don wannan layin ba, zai iya lalata duk tsarin sadarwar mu kamar tauraron dan adam da tsarin igiyar rediyo. Idan a cikin maganadisun duniya ba za mu sami yanayi ba kuma, saboda haka, yanayin yanayin duniya zai bambanta ta hanyar abin da yake yi a saman wata. Wannan yana nufin, a cikin kewayon yanayin zafi wanda ya fara daga digiri 123 zuwa 153.
Akwai dabbobi da yawa kamar tsuntsaye da kunkuru waɗanda ke da ikon gano yanayin maganadiso na duniya da amfani da shi don yin zirga-zirga a cikin lokutan ƙaura. Hakanan yana da amfani mai mahimmanci a cikin binciken masana ilimin ƙasa don bincika tsarin duwatsun ƙasa. Masu binciken sune waɗanda ke neman mai, gas ko ma'adinai kuma godiya ga wannan yanayin maganadisu za su iya samun saukinsa cikin sauƙi. Tunda wadannan makamashin sune tushen makamashin duniya ga dan adam, zamu iya ganin mahimmancin maganadisun.
Don takaita shi a takaice, muna iya cewa maganadisu ya zama dole ne ga duniya ta tallafawa rayuwa.
Bambancin filin magnetic na duniya
Wannan filin maganadisu a yana da ɗan bambanci a cikin awa 24. Bambancin yafi shafar inda kwatancen yake nunawa. Wannan bambance-bambancen shine kawai sananne a cikin goma na hanta kuma yawan ƙarfin yana damuwa da kawai 0,1%.
Kodayake ba koyaushe suke aiki iri ɗaya ba, bambancin magnetic yana da wasu alamu. Babban tsarin shine haɗin da ke wanzuwa tare da hasken rana kuma yana ɗaukar kimanin shekaru goma sha ɗaya.
Ina fatan cewa tare da wannan bayanin zaku iya koyo game da maganadiso da mahimmancinsa ga rayuwa a doron ƙasa.