Mun sani cewa duk tsawon lokacin ilimin ƙasa wanda ya shude a duniyarmu an sami halaye da yawa. A yau zamu tattauna game da Karewar Permian. Yana daya daga cikin bala’i 5 da duniyarmu ta fuskanta a tsawon tarihinta.
Saboda haka, zamu sadaukar da wannan labarin ga duk abin da kuke buƙatar sani game da lalacewar Permian da kuma abin da sakamakonsa ya kasance.
Karewar Permian
Kodayake yawancin mutane sunyi imanin cewa ƙarshen dinosaur shine mafi lalacewa, ba haka bane. Akwai karatun da yawa da aka gudanar daga bayanan da kwararru suka tattara a cikin wannan yanki, kuma sun tabbatar da cewa ƙarancin ɗin ya kasance a ƙarshen Permian da farkon Triassic. Dalilin da yasa ake ɗaukarsa ɗayan mafi munin shine saboda kusan dukkanin sifofin rayuwa a doron ƙasa sun ɓace.
A cikin wannan halaka, Fiye da kashi 90 cikin XNUMX na dukkan nau'in halittu masu rai a doron ƙasa an shafe su. Yana da muhimmanci a lura cewa duniyarmu tana raye a lokacin. Gaskiyar cewa akwai adadi mai yawa na nau'ikan dabbobi kuma rayuwa tana bunkasa an sami nasara ta hanyar binciken burbushin halittu. Saboda lalacewar Permian, duniyar duniyar kusan ta zama kufai. Yanayin rashin kyawun yanayi da duniyar taci gaba ya nuna cewa wasu jinsin ne kawai zasu iya rayuwa.
Wannan bacewar ta kasance wata matattara ce ta sake haihuwar wasu jinsin halittu wadanda suka mamaye shekaru masu zuwa na duniyan kuma sune sanannun dinosaur. Wannan shine, godiya ga ƙarancin Permian, muna da wanzuwar dinosaur.
Sanadin lalacewar Permian
Karewar da ta faru a ƙarshen Permian da farkon Triassic ya kasance batun masana da yawa suna nazarin shekaru da yawa. Yawancin karatu sun ba da himma don gano dalilin da ya samo asali daga irin wannan ɓarnar. Dangane da abin da ya faru tuntuni da wuya aka samu wata takamaiman shaida da ta tabbatar da dalilin wannan mummunan bala'in. Kuna iya samun ka'idojin da yawa ko lessasa da aka kafa a cikin zurfin bincike mai amfani game da burbushin halittun da aka samo.
Ofaya daga cikin manyan dalilan da ake jin cewa musabbabin ɓarkewar Permian ya faru ne saboda tsananin aikin aman wuta. Tunda duwatsun wuta suna aiki sosai, suna fitar da iskar gas mai guba zuwa sararin samaniya. Wadannan iskar gas din sun haifar da wani gagarumin canji a cikin yanayin yanayin halittar da yasa jinsuna basu iya rayuwa.
Aikin Volcanic ya kasance mai tsananin gaske a ɗaya daga cikin yankunan yankin Siberia. Wannan yanki yana da arziki a dutsen dutsen yau. A lokacin zamanin Permian, duk wannan yankin ya sami fashewar abubuwa masu zuwa wanda ya dauki tsawon shekaru miliyan. Dole ne kawai kuyi tunanin dutsen mai fitad da wuta tsawon shekaru miliyan don fahimtar cewa yanayin zai iya canza yanayin sa kuma ya zama mai guba.
Duk fashewar wutar dutse ba wai kawai an fitar da yawan lava ba, amma har da iskar gas. Gas dinda muke samun carbon dioxide a ciki. Duk waɗannan abubuwan da suka faru sun isa su haifar da mummunan canjin yanayi, wanda ya ƙara yawan yanayin duniya na duniya.
Ba filin ƙasa ne kaɗai ya fashe da aman wuta ba. Ruwan ruwa kuma sun sami mummunar lalacewa daga mummunan gurɓataccen sakamako sakamakon matakan wasu abubuwa masu guba da aka fitar daga dutsen mai fitad da wuta. Daga cikin waɗannan abubuwa masu guba mun sami mekuri.
Tasirin meteorite
Wani daga cikin ka'idojin da aka kafa don bayanin yadda Permian ya kare shine tasirin meteorite. Faduwar meteorite watakila shine mafi dalilin da aka ambata ga duk kwararru kan wannan batun. Akwai shaidun ilimin halittu da ke nuna cewa karo da wani babban meteorite ne wanda ya fadi saman duniya. Da zarar wannan babban meteorite ya yi karo da fuskar Duniya, sai ya haifar da hargitsi da hallaka. Bayan wannan karo, an sami raguwa a cikin jimlar rayuwar duniyar.
A nahiyoyin Antarctica, babban ramin kusan kusan kilomita murabba'in 500 a diamita. Wato, don asteroid ya bar rami mai girman wannan girman, zai yuwu ya iya aƙalla aƙalla kilomita 50 a diamita. Ta wannan hanyar, zamu ga cewa babban tasirin meteorite na iya zama sanadin ɓacewar yawancin rayuwa a doron ƙasa.
Wadannan masanan wadanda suke nazarin dalilan da suka sanya Permian bacewa su ne wadanda suka tabbatar kuma suka tabbatar da cewa tasirin wannan tauraron ya 'yantar da babban kwallon wuta. Wannan babban kwallon wuta ya samar da iska tare da saurin kusan kilomita 7000 a awa daya. Kari akan haka, akwai haifar da motsi na fada wanda ya kai wuce ma'aunin ma'auni waɗanda aka san su a halin yanzu. Ya kamata a yi la'akari da cewa karo na irin meteorite kamar wanda muke ambata zai iya haifar da fitowar makamashi kusan megatons biliyan 1000. A saboda wannan dalili, tasirin meteorite a duniyarmu yana ɗaya daga cikin sanannun sanadin lalacewar ɗimbin Permian.
Sakin fitowar Methane
Wani dalili kuma da yasa aka gaskata cewa ƙarancin Permian ya fara shine saboda sakin methane hydrates. Mun san cewa ana iya samun ɗakunan ajiya na daskararren methane hydrates a bakin tekun. Yayin da yanayin zafin duniya ya karu, haka zafin teku ya karu. Saboda ayyukanda suka yi aman wuta ko karo karo, ya sanya matsakaita yanayin duniya ya tashi. Sakamakon tashin wannan dan karamin zafin ruwan, sai methane hydrates ya narke. Wannan yana haifar da yawancin gas na methane zuwa yanayi.
Dole ne a yi la'akari da cewa methane is a greenhouse gas tare da babban ƙarfin haɓaka zafin jiki, tunda yana da babban ƙarfin riƙe zafi. Akwai magana game da ƙaruwa kusan kimanin digiri 10 a matsakaita a duniya.
Ina fatan cewa da wannan bayanin zaku iya koyo game da dalilin lalacewar Permian da mahimmancin sa.