Kamar yadda muka sani, canjin yanayi lamari ne na duniya wanda ke barin mana hotuna masu ban tsoro da ban mamaki. Kuma gaskiyar cewa yanayin yanayin yanayin duniya na ƙaruwa koyaushe, yana haifar da wasu yanayi na musamman. Ganin cewa ɗayan yankuna na duniyar da suka sami babban tasiri saboda ƙaruwar yanayin zafin duniya shine Antarctica, anan ne zaku ga abubuwan da basu dace ba. A yau muna magana ne akan daya daga cikin abubuwan mamakin da yake baiwa dukkan masana kimiyya mamaki. Labari ne game da kore dusar ƙanƙara.
A cikin wannan labarin za mu gaya muku abin da koren dusar ƙanƙara ke nufi, menene halaye da kuma irin sakamakon da zai haifar game da canjin yanayi.
Menene koren dusar ƙanƙara
Abin da zaku iya tunowa yayin jin kalmar koren dusar ƙanƙara, shine cewa ciyayi suna girma saboda narkewar dusar kankara ta Antarctic. A yanzu, saboda karuwar yanayin zafin duniya farin dusar kankara yana juya kore kamar yadda kananan algae ke girma. Idan ya girma sosai yana da koren dusar ƙanƙara kuma ya sanya shi ya zama koren kore mai haske. Ana iya ganin wannan abin har ma daga sararin samaniya kuma ya taimaka wa masana kimiyya yin taswira.
Ana tattara duk bayanan godiya ga tauraron dan adam waɗanda ke da ikon lura da ɗaukar hotuna. Lura da aka kwashe tsawon lokacin bazara a Antarctica an haɗa shi tare da lura daga tauraron dan adam don iya kimanta duk wuraren da za'a gwada kore dusar kankara. Duk wadannan matakan za a yi amfani da su wajen kirga saurin da algae zai ci gaba da yadawa a cikin nahiyar saboda canjin yanayi.
Kamar yadda ake tsammani, ci gaban waɗannan ƙananan algae ɗin zai shafi tasirin sauyin yanayi a matakin duniya.
Green dusar ƙanƙara da albedo na duniya
Albedo na ƙasa shine adadin hasken rana wanda yake bayyana daga farfajiyar sama zuwa sarari ta abubuwa daban-daban. Daga cikin waɗannan abubuwan zamu sami samaniya tare da launuka masu haske, gajimare, gas, da dai sauransu. Snow yana iya yin tunani har zuwa 80% na abin da ya faru da hasken rana a kansa. Abin da aka gano na koren dusar ƙanƙara shine cewa bayanan albedo ya ragu zuwa 45%. Wannan yana nufin cewa za a iya riƙe ƙarin zafi a saman ba tare da sake bayyanawa zuwa sararin samaniya ba.
Ana iya tunanin cewa tunda albedo a Antarctica zai ragu, zai zama mai motsa matsakaicin yanayin zafi wanda zai ciyar da kansa baya. Koyaya, dole ne a kula da bangarori daban-daban da suke tasiri akan wannan canjin yanayin. Misali, haɓakar ƙananan algae yana kuma shafan shayin carbon dioxide ta hanyar hoto. Wannan yana taimakawa rage yawan iskar gas, wanda hakan kuma, Zai taimaka mana kar mu ƙara yanayin zafi.
Bayan haka, ya zama dole ayi nazarin daidaito tsakanin adadin zafin da Antarctica ke iya riƙewa saboda raguwar albedo na ƙasa, tare da ƙarfin algae na microscopic don samun damar karɓar iskar carbon dioxide daga sararin samaniya. Kamar yadda muka sani, carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas tare da ikon riƙe zafi. Sabili da haka, mafi yawan carbon dioxide yana cikin sararin samaniya, za a adana ƙarin zafi saboda haka zai ƙara yanayin zafi.
Nazarin kan algae a cikin Antarctica
Tuni akwai karatu da yawa waɗanda aka buga a cikin mujallar Nature Communications Sun yi hasashen cewa korayen dusar kankara zai ci gaba da bazuwa a duk fadin yankin Antarctic. Yayin da canjin yanayi ke ƙaruwa matsakaicin yanayin duniya, muna bin yaɗuwar yaduwar waɗannan algae.
Nazarin kuma yana nuna cewa Antarctica shine wurin da ke nuna canjin da sauyin yanayi ya haifar da sauri. Wannan dumamar yanayi na karuwa cikin sauri a wannan bangare na duniyar. Bayanin binciken ya nuna cewa a watan Janairu, an yi rikodin zafi a gabashin yankin Antarctica. Wannan kalaman zafi ya haifar da yanayin zafi mai digiri 7 sama da matsakaita. Yayin da aikin dumama ke ci gaba, adadin microalgae shima zai karu sosai.
Matsalar ita ce dusar kankara ba ta dawwama kamar da. Dole ne kuma mu yi la'akari da hauhawar matakin teku wanda zai haifar da narkewar dusar kankara ta Antarctic baki daya. Don a kara fahimtarsa, dole ne a tuna cewa babban bambanci tsakanin Antarctica da Pole ta Arewa shi ne cewa a Antarctica akwai yankin ƙasa a ƙarƙashin kankara. Wannan yana haifar da cewa, idan kankara ta narke sama da kasa, to tana karuwa zuwa matakin teku. Akasin haka yana faruwa tare da Pole na Arewa. Gwanon iyakoki a cikin yankin arewacin ba su da wata nahiya a ƙarƙashin su. Saboda haka, idan wannan kankara ta narke ba zai daga tekun ba.
Algae waɗanda aka yi karatu a Antarctica suna mai da hankali ne a bakin teku. Wannan saboda sune yankuna da suka ƙara ɗumi tunda suna da matsakaita yanayin zafi sama da ƙirar digiri. Hakanan yaduwar microalgae kuma ana ciyar da ita ta dabbobi masu shayarwa da tsuntsayen teku. Kuma wannan shine najasar wadannan dabbobi suna da matukar amfani ga wadannan kwayoyin halittun masu daukar hoto. Wato, waɗannan abubuwan najasar suna zama taki ne kuma suna ba da gudummawa ga haɓakarta.
Wani sabon matattarar CO2
An san shi daga karatu cewa yawancin yankuna na algal suna kusa da mulkin mallaka na penguuin. Suna nan a wuraren da kaɗan suka huta kuma a kewayen wasu wuraren da tsuntsayen ke tsugune.
Me za a iya gani azaman kyakkyawan ma'anar wannan duka, shine cewa za'a sami sabon matattarar ruwa don CO2 a duniya. Tunda algae suna da adadi mai yawa na photosynthesis, ana samun makamashin su yayin wannan aikin kuma wannan iskar gas tana sha. Godiya ga haɓakar waɗannan algae, za a fitar da mafi yawan carbon dioxide daga sararin samaniya kuma za'a iya lissafa shi azaman tabbatacce. Wannan sabon nutsewar CO2 zai iya sha har tan 479 a shekara. Wannan adadi na iya zama mafi girma tunda akwai wasu nau'ikan lemu mai launin ja da na algae wadanda har yanzu ba'a sanya su cikin binciken ba.
Kada kuyi tunanin cewa duk wannan zai zama tabbatacce gaba ɗaya, tunda sakamakon canjin yanayi yana da tsananin gaske cewa wannan tasirin koren dusar kankara ba za a iya daidaita shi ba.
Cewa tare da wannan bayanin zasu iya koyo game da koren dusar ƙanƙara da mahimmancinta.