A yau za mu yi magana game da sanannen kogi a cikin yankin Mesopotamiya. Game da shi Kogin Tigris. Wannan kogin yana da nasaba da Kogin Euphrates tunda sunansa yana nufin "ƙasa tsakanin koguna." Wadannan kogunan guda biyu sun fara zagayensu daban-daban amma sun kai wani matsayi inda suka hadu suka samar da babban kogi. Wadannan kogunan suna daya daga cikin mahimman hanyoyin samun ruwa domin wayewa inda zasu fara dabbobin gida.

A cikin wannan labarin zamuyi magana game da halaye da mahimmancin Kogin Tigris.

Babban fasali

Kogin Tigris yana da kwarara da sauri fiye da Euphrates. Yana ratsa Siriya, Turkiyya, da Iraki a Kudu maso Yammacin Asiya. An haife shi ne kimanin kilomita 30 daga ɗaya kogin a tafkin Hazar a yankin tsaunukan Taurus. Yana tafiya daga gabas sannan kuma kudu zuwa kilomita 400 ta cikin ƙasashen Turkawa. A Siriya hakan ba ya faruwa na dogon lokaci, amma babu wani abu da ya wuce na kilomita 44.

Yankin da ya hade da Kogin Furat yana kusa da garin Al-Qurnah. Haɗuwa da waɗannan kogunan biyu ya haifar da wani sabon ruwa mai suna Shatt al-Arab wanda ya ƙare zuwa cikin Tekun Fasha.

Kogin Tigris yana da matukar mahimmanci saboda shine tushen albarkatun ruwa da abinci saboda yawan kifaye da ke zaune a ciki. Duk cikin yawon shakatawa zamu iya raka ku yayin da kuke biranen biranen da suka shahara da al'adu da tattalin arziki kamar Mosul, Baghdad da Samara. Duk waɗannan yankuna suna da bushe-bushe kuma ba haka yake ba, saboda haka, gudummawar ruwa mai kyau ta wannan kogin yana da mahimmanci.

Jimlar kogin Tigris an kiyasta kimanin kilomita 1850. Jimlar kudin ana bin bashi kimanin murabba'in kilomita 375000 kuma ya fitar da matsakaita kilomita 1014 a kowane dakika na ruwa. Wannan kogin ko kuma ba wai kawai ya haɗu da Yufiretis ba ne don ƙara yawan gudanarsa, amma kuma wasu koguna kamar su Babban Zab, da Zabaramar Zab, da Diala, da Botan, da Garzar da Jabur suna ciyar da shi.

Babu bayanai da yawa kan asali da motsin wannan kogin, kodayake an san cewa yana aiki fiye da shekaru miliyan 13. Wannan kwararar ruwa na tsawon lokaci ya sake fasalin yanayin ƙasa wanda ya haifar da wasu kwazazzabai da kwari a cikin sassan ƙasa.

Flora da fauna na Kogin Tigris

Wannan kogin ba shi da kyau sosai a cikin halittu masu yawa tunda kusan nau'ikan kifaye 55 an san su. Duk waɗannan nau'ikan kifayen 46 asalinsu ne kuma 7 suna da cutar. Wato, akwai nau'ikan jinsi guda bakwai waɗanda kawai za'a iya samun su a cikin wannan bidiyon kuma ba ko'ina a cikin duniya ba. Hakanan muna da nau'ikan amphibians guda 6 wanda daga cikinsu akwai Neurergus crocatus. Wannan yana daya daga cikin masu wahalar karantawa, saboda haka mutane masu son kallon dabbobi zasuyi kokarin kusantar ko zasu iya daukar hoton.

Wasu shahararrun kifayen sune Tenualosa ilisha, Oxynoemacheilus frenatus, Leuciscus vorax, Cobitis avicennae da Salmo tigridis. Hakanan akwai wasu dabbobi masu shayarwa da dabbobin da aka gani a filaye da fadama na wannan kogin. Mun sami samfurin vivalve mollusk na asusun da ake kira unio crassus da beraye kamar dabbobi masu shayarwa da ake kira Nesokia indica da Nesokia bunnii.

Ba wai wannan kogin ya yi fice ba ne saboda nau'ikan flora da fauna da yawa kuma da yawa daga nau'ikansa ba a san su da yawa. Koyaya, mahimmancin da suke da shi shine kasancewar su masu kamuwa da cuta kuma ba a san su ba.

Mahimmancin tattalin arziki na Kogin Tigris

An bayar da mahimmancin ruwan wannan kogin saboda suna ratsawa ta wani yanki mai tsaunuka kuma ba shi da sauƙi a ci amfani da shi a baya. Duk da wannan, kogi ne wanda yake da mahimmancin kasuwanci tare da manyan biranen bankunan kamar Baghdad da Mosul. Wannan kogin yana da mahimmanci fiye da Kogin Yufiretis.

Ana amfani da albarkatun ruwa galibi don ban ruwa na amfanin gona da kuma amfani da yawan Jama'a. Tare da dawowar kuzari masu sabuntawa, ana amfani da ruwa don samar da makamashin hydroelectric. Yawancin kwantena waɗanda aka gina tare da wannan kogin suna hidimtawa don hana ambaliyar ruwa da adana ruwan sha. Gudun wannan kogin yana ba da izinin zirga-zirga duk da cewa ƙananan ƙananan kwale-kwale ne masu iyaka.

Farawa a cikin karni na XNUMX, duk kasuwanci ta cikin ruwanta ya ragu musamman saboda gina layukan dogo da hanyoyi. Akwai wasu gurɓataccen ruwa a kewayen duk garuruwan Rivera. Kamar yadda ake tsammani, ayyukan ɗan adam a yankunan bakin teku sune waɗanda ke haifar da wasu tasirin ruwa. A cikin tsaunuka, gami da yankin Iraki, ƙarancin ruwa yana da kyau sosai. Inda yawancin tasirin tasirin ya kasance a ƙasan ƙasa.

Barazana

Haɗin kogin yana da tasiri mai yawa na ƙazamar ruwa da tarin gishiri da danshi. Wannan shi ne saboda yanayin zafi mai yawa da ci gaba da danshin ruwa. Ingancin ƙasa a cikin ƙananan ɓangaren kuma yana raguwa saboda bambancin yanayi da ƙarancin magudanar ƙasa. Don guje wa yawan tara ruwa an gina kwantena da suka gabata zuwa yankin da ya fi wadata (inda kogin Tigris da Euphrates suka hadu), amma duk da haka ƙasa ba ta da ƙazamar magudana don haka ruwan ya ƙare yana tarawa tare da haifar da ƙananan ambaliya.

A halin yanzu, wannan kogin yana ƙara ƙazanta musamman a lokacin bazara. Wannan ya faru ne saboda tarin sharar bankunan da ba kawai yake taimakawa gurɓacewa ba, har ma don barin mummunan wuri da ƙamshi mara daɗi. Bugu da kari, akwai ruwan da ake fitarwa daga magudanan ruwa da kuma wuraren da ake yin yashi wadanda suke da illa musamman ga fure da dabbobi.

Ina fatan cewa tare da wannan bayanin za ku iya koyo game da Kogin Tigris.