Basin na Kogin Genal Tana cikin yankin yamma na lardin Malaga, a cikin yankin Serranía de Ronda, musamman a kudancin gundumar da aka ce, mallakar kudancin kudancin. Tana ɗaya daga cikin sanannun koguna a Malaga kuma tana da halaye masu ban sha'awa.
A cikin wannan labarin za mu gaya muku duk halaye, geology da tushen Kogin Genal.
Babban fasali
Tana iyaka da gabas ta Sierra Palmitera da Saliyo Bermeja, zuwa arewa da Sierra del Oreganal, zuwa yamma ta Dorsal Atajate-Gaucín, kudu shine fitowar yanayi wanda ke haɗa ta da tashiwar Campo de Gibraltar. Wannan halin da ake ciki ya sa kwarin Genal ya kasance yanki mai rufewa kuma mai rarrabuwa tare da wahalar shiga duka daga filayen Ronda, da kuma daga kwarin Guadiaro da Costa del Sol.
A kansa, kwanon ya bi hanyar gabas zuwa yamma har zuwa ba da daɗewa ba. Yana farawa ne a wurin haɗuwa da Kogin Gorgot, inda yake juyawa zuwa arewa maso gabas zuwa kudu maso yamma. A ƙarshe, a cikin wa'adin mulkin Casares, ya haɗu tare da Guadiaro. Tana da shugabanci arewa-kudu. A matsayin kusan girmanta.
Dole ne a faɗi cewa kwanon yana rufewa yanki na murabba'in murabba'in 343 kuma yana da faɗi mafi girman kilomita 19, wanda aka samu a ɓangaren giciye a gabas zuwa yamma, tare da faɗin aƙalla kilomita 6. Daga Saliyo Crestellina zuwa Matsakaicin faɗin Kogin Guadiaro a cikin ƙaramin kwarin yana kusan kilomita 12,5, kuma tsawon tashar, daga Kogin Seco zuwa haɗewa da Kogin Guadiaro kusan kilomita 62,9.
Genal kogin lithology
Kogin Genal da dukan kwarinsa sun ƙunshi yankunan lithological 3. Wadannan sune kamar haka:
- Calcareous kayan (limestones, dolomites, marigolds, da sauransu) koyaushe ana samun su a bankin dama na Kogin Genal, daga saman Cascajares zuwa El Hacho, daga can zuwa Saliyo inda Crestellina. Fitowar sa ta ci gaba har zuwa ƙarshen Atajate, daga inda ya canza tare da kayan ƙira (Manto Maláguide), har zuwa Gaussine, inda kayan carbonate suka sake bayyana a cikin hanya mafi rinjaye, daga Campo de Gibraltar flysch.
- da metamorphic kayan su ne na Mantos Alpujárride da Maláguide (gneiss, schist, mica schist, phyllite, da sauransu). Ana rarraba su a tsakiyar kwarin. Suna hulɗa da peridotite a bankin hagu na kogin da kayan kwalliya a bankin dama. Ci gaba da gabas zuwa yamma yana jefa morphs cikin ƙaƙƙarfan yanayi, duk saboda kutsawar ultramaphics a cikin gindin peridotite, kamar mayafin Thrust, akwai bayyananne ma'adanai da gneiss.
- El ultrabasic abu abu ne da aka samo a cikin Saliyo Bermeja, jerin tsararru na peridotite wanda ya ƙunshi nau'ikan ƙarfe masu nauyi da ƙarfe masu guba. A koyaushe ana rarraba su a gefen hagu na Kogin Genal, daga kansa zuwa Saliyo Crestellina, ana ci gaba da rarraba su, wannan shine abin da ake kira Sierra.
Tarihin halitta na asalin kogin Genal
Dandalin Tarihi na Nacimiento del Río Genal ya fito ne daga cikin ruwa na Saliyo Blanca, tare da ruwa mai haske wanda ke fitowa daga cikin kyawawan gabobin ciki. A cikin tafiya ta farko, sashin kogin Guadiaro ya raba titin daga lambun garin da aka haife shi: wasa; ƙauyen farar fata mai ban sha'awa a tushen kogin Genal, a cikin Serranía de Ronda A cikin saitin, kusa da Saliyo de las Nieves Natural Park. Mazabar tituna masu tudu da manyan gidaje suna mannewa ga ganuwar gangaren da ke ratsa duwatsun.
Kasancewa a saman garin, kusa da wurin nishaɗi, ruwan yana gudana a cikin kyakkyawan wuri cike da ciyayi, magudanan ruwa da kyalkyali. A lokacin damina, lokacin da matakin ruwa a gadon kogin ya ƙaru sosai, abin da Igualejeños ya kira fashewar bazara: babban fashewar ruwa mai ban sha'awa saboda ruwan bazara shine abin da masana ilimin ƙasa ke kira siphon.
A cikin wadannan filayen da suka karye na gyada da itacen zaitun, daidaitawa kusan ba zai yiwu ba. Duk tuddai ana taruwa a gadon Genal, layin ruwa cike da ganyayen daji, wanda wasu gandun gonaki na cikin gida ba za su iya ƙarewa ba. Babban ciyayi da ke gefen kogin ya ƙunshi poplar, elms, bishiyoyin ash, willows da alders, waɗanda ke inuwa a cikin kogin tare da oleanders, wickers, tamarisk, reeds, barberry da durillo.
Ruwa daga mai miller da ya gabata, a cikin 60s an gina madatsun ruwa da yawa kusa da tushen kogin wanda ya ba da damar sake cika shi da kifin. Ƙasar Igualeja ce ta almara, tunda a wannan wurin an haifi sanannun 'yan fashi uku: "El Zamarra", "El Zamarrilla" da "Flores Arrocha".
Sauyin yanayi da ilimin halittu
Dangane da mahimmancin rarrabuwa, bambancin fallasawa da mahimmancin madaidaicin tsayi, yanayin yanayin Genal Basin ya sha bamban da yanayin microclimate, don haka a matakin gaba ɗaya za a iya yin alama wurare biyu daban daban:
A gefe guda, ƙananan yanayin Genal Tekun ya fi shafar sa, yana fuskantar isowar Campo de Gibraltar da kuma rashin tsayayyen gaban Tekun Atlantika, wanda ke nufin (ƙananan ƙarfin zafi, ƙarancin fari, da sauransu), ana iya ƙara shi zuwa Dorsal da Saliyo. Bermeja tana iyaka da gundumomi. A gefe guda, ɓangaren na sama ya nuna ɗan inuwa ta nahiya (mafi girman ƙarfin zafi da fari mafi girma).
Akwai tambayoyi da yawa game da tushen Kogin Genal, amma yawancin marubutan sun yarda cewa babban tushen yana samuwa ta hanyar tuntuɓar carbonates da abubuwan metamorphic, kodayake gaba ɗaya an yarda cewa asalin shine Igualeja outcrop, wanda yana da 230 l / s. , wanda ya zama kogin babbar gudummawa daga tushen sa. Koyaya, rashin daidaituwarsa yana hana dorewar raƙuman ruwa.
Sauran muhimman gudummawar sune kogin Nacimiento, wanda kuma ya haifar da katsewa da karatun lithology na Karst schists, da kuma ƙarshen Júzcar, na 185 l / s, ba tare da yin watsi da gudummawar da kogunan Seco da Guadarín a bankin hagu ba. Babban jagora ne na kogin a wannan ɓangaren gabas-yamma.
Ina fatan cewa tare da wannan bayanin zaku iya ƙarin koyo game da Kogin Genal da halayensa.