Kayan kimiyyar yanayi da aikin su

Idan kuna da sha'awar ilimin yanayi, tabbas kuna tunanin neman ɗayan kayan aikin yanayi da ke akwai ko Tashar Yanayi, gaskiya? Akwai samfuran da yawa, amma akwai wasu da suka cika cikakke fiye da wasu, dangane da sama da komai akan farashin su. A zahiri, mafi tsada sune waɗanda zasu iya auna masu canjin yanayi kuma, sabili da haka, ya fi dacewa ga waɗanda suke son sanin zurfin yanayin da ke yankinsu, yayin da mafi arha suka fi na waɗanda suka dace da su. tare da sanin yanayin zafin da ke rubuce a rana da kuma watakila sanin yanayin ɗimbin yanayin.

Dogaro da abin da za ku yi amfani da shi don, zai zama da ban sha'awa a sani waɗanne irin kayan kimiyyar yanayi ne a can kuma wane aiki kowannensu ke da shi. Don haka, zai zama mafi sauƙi a gare ku zaɓi zaɓi mafi dacewa a gare ku.

Thermometer, ɗaya daga cikin kayan kimiyar yanayi wanda duk muke da shi 

Idan ya zama dole mu zabi daya daga cikin kayan kimiyyar yanayi da kyau, dukkanmu zamu dauki ma'aunin zafin jiki. Shine kayan aikin da akafi amfani dasu saboda godiya gare shi zamu iya sani wane yanayin zafin jiki yake rubuce idan muka dube shi. Ko da hakane, da alama za ku sami wasu waɗanda kawai ke auna matsakaicin matsakaici (tsakanin -31'5ºC da 51'5ºC) kuma tare da wasu waɗanda kawai ke auna mafi ƙarancin (tsakanin -44'5ºC da 40'5ºC), kodayake mafi yawan abin shine duk ana ganin su akan allo iri ɗaya.

Akwai nau'ikan zafin jiki da yawa: gas, juriya, na asibiti… amma ana amfani da mercury da na dijital a yanayin yanayi.

Ma'aunin ma'aunin zafi da sanyio

Shine bututun gilashi da aka rufe da mercury a ciki. Volumeararta tana canzawa kamar yadda zafin jiki ma yake canzawa. Gabriel Fahrenheit ne ya ƙirƙira wannan kayan aikin a cikin 1714.

Digital ma'aunin zafi da sanyio

Mafi zamani. Suna amfani da na'urori masu jujjuya abubuwa (kamar su mercury) waɗanda kuma ana amfani da su ta hanyar da'irorin lantarki don sauya ƙananan bambancin ƙarfin lantarki da aka samu cikin lambobi. Ta wannan hanyar, zazzabin da aka yi rikodin zai bayyana akan nuni.

Ma'aunin yanayin ruwan sama

Wadannan kayan kimiyyar yanayi yana auna adadin ruwan da ya fada yankin da aka ajiye shi. Kowane milimita yana wakiltar lita ɗaya, kuma a ranakun da ruwan sama ba ya daina sauka, ana ba da shawarar sosai a duba shi kowane bayan awa 4-6 (gwargwadon ƙarfinsa da ƙarfin ma'aunin ruwanmu) don rikodin ya zama daidai. zai yiwu.

Nau'ikan ma'aunin ruwan sama na yanayi

Akwai samfuran yanayi guda biyu na ma'aunin yanayin ruwan sama: Manual da totalizers.

• manual: sune mafi arha. Kawai su ne kwandon cylindrical wanda aka yi da filastik al'ada koren launi tare da sikelin da aka kammala wanda aka auna shi a milimita.
• Aliananan .an wasa: Gwargwadon yanayin yanayin yanayin yanayin yanayin sama zai inganta daidaito, saboda an hada su da mazurai kuma ma'aikacin da ke yin rikodin ruwan fadowa duk bayan awa 12.

Hygrometer

Hygrometer zaiyi amfani sosai don sani yawan yanayin zafi a cikin iska menene a yankinmu. Ana bayyana sakamakon tsakanin 0 da 100%. Wannan adadin yana wakiltar kashi na adadin tururin ruwa da ke cikin iska.

Ire-iren hygrometers

Waɗannan kayan kimiyyar yanayin yanayi ana rarraba su gwargwadon yanayin aikin analog ko na dijital.

• Analog: sun fita daban don kasancewa cikakke sosai, tunda suna gano canje-canje na ɗanshi a cikin yanayin kusan kai tsaye. Amma wani lokacin ya kamata ka yi musu calibrate, don haka yawanci basa sayarwa da yawa.
• dijital: maimaita lambobi kuma daidai ne, kodayake basu ɗan cika ba. Ba su buƙatar kowane irin kulawa, da ma suna shirye don amfani dama bayan sayan.

Labari mai dangantaka:

Duk abin da kuke buƙatar sani game da hygrometers

Barometer

Barometer shine wancan yana auna nauyin iska sama da doron kasa, wanda aka san shi da sunan matsin yanayi. Farko masanin kimiyyar lissafi Torricelli ne ya ƙirƙira shi a cikin 1643 bayan ya gudanar da gwaji mai sauƙi:

Abu na farko da ya fara shine cika gilashin gilashi da sinadarin mercury wanda aka rufe a gefe guda, kuma ya juye shi akan bokitin da shima ya cika da mercury. Abin sha'awa, ginshikin mercury ya ragu da 'yan santimita kaɗan, yana tsaye har zuwa kusan kimanin 76cm (760mm) tsayi. Ta haka ne milimita na mercury ko mmHg ya tashi.

Amma har yanzu akwai wani abu kuma: matsin lamba na yanayi a matakin teku 760mmHg ne, don haka kuna iya samun wannan bayanan bayanan don sanin idan yanayi zai yi kyau ko a'a. yaya? Mai sauqi. Idan ya fadi kasa sosai zaka san cewa hadari na gabatowa; Akasin haka, idan ya tashi a hankali, zaka iya ajiye laima a cikin foran kwanaki.

Motocin awo

Godiya ga waɗannan kayan kimiyyar yanayi muna iya sanin su saurin iska. Mafi amfani dasu sune ake kira gilashin gilashi. Suna auna saurin cikin km / h.

Lokacin da iska ta 'buge' ƙafafun, sai ya juya. Ana jujjuya jujjuyawar da yake bayarwa ta hanyar kanti ko anyi rikodin akan tsiri takarda idan anemograph ne

Heliograph

Heliograph yana daya daga cikin kayan kimiyar yanayi yana ba mu damar auna lokacin insolation. Dole ne a daidaita shi gwargwadon yanayin sararin samaniya da kuma gwargwadon lokacin shekarar da kuke ciki, tunda rana ta bambanta a tsayi yayin shekara.

Mafi shahararren shine heliograph na Campbell-Stokes, wanda ya ƙunshi gilashin gilashi wanda ke aiki kamar ruwan tabarau mai haɗawa. Lokacin da hasken rana ya wuce, katin 'rekod' an kone 'kuma zamu iya sanin awannin hasken rana da suka kasance a wannan ranar.

Nivometer

An saba da nivometer auna adadin dusar kankara da ta fadi a wani lokaci. Akwai nau'ikan guda biyu: laser, wanda dole ne a tura shi cikin ƙasa don yin rikodin, da kuma sauti, wanda, godiya ga mai karɓar raƙuman watsawa na ultrasonic, baya buƙatar haɗuwa da dusar ƙanƙara.

Gabaɗaya, mafi tsada tashar tashar jirgin sama, mafi fa'ida zata kasance. Dogaro da amfanin da kake son bashi, bazai yuwu ka kashe kuɗi mai yawa ba saboda watakila da mai rahusa zaka zauna. Kuma, akasin haka, idan kun san cewa kuna son ƙarin sani, kada ku yi jinkirin tafiya ku sayi ɗaya, wanda ƙila ke da mafi girman farashi, amma tabbas zaku iya more shi sosai.