Muna rayuwa ne a zamanin da bayanai da yawa ke yawo a kusa da mu ta yadda ba za mu iya fahimtar mahimmanci da mahimman ra'ayoyin bayanin ba. Musamman ma mafi rikitarwa, kamar masana kimiyya. Yawan bayanai na iya haifar da rudani wani lokaci. Yana maganar a na gaba glaciation a Spain kuma hakan yana rikitar da ‘yan kasa.
A cikin wannan labarin za mu gaya muku duk abin da kuke buƙatar sani game da glaciation na gaba a Spain da abin da ya shafi.
Gaba glaciation a Spain
Masana kimiyya sun tabbata cewa waɗannan abubuwa guda biyu ba su sabawa juna ba, domin mabuɗin shine ma'auni na lokaci. Mu ’yan Adam muna ruɗewa idan muka yi tunani daga shekaru da yawa zuwa dubun-dubatar shekaru. Abin nufi kenan.
Shekarun duniyarmu ta duniya shekaru biliyan 5 ne. Hominids sun wanzu a saman duniya tsawon shekaru miliyan 5. Kuma mun kasance kawai a tarihi (rubutu, wayewa) tsawon shekaru dubu biyar. Dukkansu "biyar" ne, kusa da juna, amma akan ma'auni na lokaci daban-daban.
A takaice dai, tsawon lokacin da muka yi rayuwa a duniya ba shi da kima idan aka kwatanta da shekarun duniya. A cikin biliyoyin shekaru na rayuwa, yanayin duniya ya canza sosai.
Zamanin kankara
A cikin tarihin Duniya na baya-bayan nan, yanayin ya canza sosai a lokutan da ake kira shekarun kankara, a lokacin da duniya ta kusa rufe da ƙanƙara, a cikin waɗannan lokutan dusar ƙanƙara, muna da lokutan tsaka-tsaki. Hoto na 1 yana nuna mana canjin yanayin zafi a Antarctica a cikin shekaru 400.000 na ƙarshe (layin ja). Mun ga siffar sawtooth mai siffa: saurin tashi da jinkirin sauka.
Ka yi tunanin muna cikin zamanin kankara. Yanayin zafi yana da ƙasa sosai, ƙasa tana cike da ƙanƙara kuma ba zato ba tsammani yanayin zafi ya tashi da sauri. Muna shiga tsaka-tsakin tsaka-tsakin lokaci.
Don haka bayan dubban shekaru (zagayowar yawanci kusan shekaru 100.000 ne), mun sake shiga cikin dusar ƙanƙara. Kuma madauki yana maimaitawa. A kan waɗannan ma'auni na lokaci, yawancin bambancin yanayin mu yana faruwa ne saboda jinkirin canje-canje a cikin kewayar taurari a kusa da rana, ra'ayin da Milankovitch ya kirkiro a farkon rabin karni na XNUMXth.
A yau muna cikin lokacin interglacial. Muna da duniyar da ba ta cika da ƙanƙara ba tsawon dubban shekaru. Masana kimiyya suna kiran wannan lokacin da Holocene. A cikinsa ya bayyana noma, babban wayewar farko da tarihin mu har yau. Komai yana da alama cewa yanayin duniyar duniyar zai ci gaba kuma matsakaicin zafin jiki na duniya zai ragu a hankali zuwa lokacin ƙanƙara na gaba. Amma ku tuna cewa wannan zagayowar yana ɗaukar kimanin shekaru 100.000. A takaice dai, ba za a sami shekarun kankara a wannan karni ba, ko kuma karni na gaba. Zai faru ne akan sikelin lokaci na musamman wanda ya wuce fahimtarmu, wanda muka saba da tsawon rayuwar ɗan adam.
Amma a cikin tarihin kwanan nan na yanayin duniya, wani abu na musamman ya faru. Masana kimiyya sun yi shekaru da yawa suna cewa muna ganin ɗumamar da ba a saba da ita ba. Mun sami dalili: muna fitar da iskar gas. Bayan ya ce, muna gudanar da babban gwaji a duniyarmu.
Ba mu san ainihin abin da zai faru da yanayin duniya a cikin shekaru masu zuwa ba, domin zai dogara ne akan iyawarmu (don fitar da iskar gas ko žasa). Mun riga mun nutse cikin dumamar yanayi, kuma za a ci gaba da zagayowar glaciations da interglacials, ko da yake akan sikelin lokaci maras misaltuwa ga kowane sabon abu.
Jinkirta na gaba glaciation a Spain
Bisa ga hasashe, lokacin ƙanƙara na gaba, wanda ke nuna ƙarshen lokacin dumin da muke morewa yanzu, ya kamata ya fara a cikin shekaru 1500. Koyaya, adadin iskar gas da ke taruwa a cikin yanayin duniya na iya rushe tsarin al'ada da jinkirta shekarun kankara na gaba da dubban shekaru.
Waɗannan su ne ƙarshen binciken da Jami'ar Florida ta yi wanda ya yi amfani da ƙirar taurari don ƙididdige yawan zafin rana da ya isa sararin samaniya a lokacin dusar ƙanƙara da tsaka-tsakin lokaci. Bisa ga waɗannan samfuran, lokacin interglacial na yanzu zai ƙare a cikin shekaru biliyan 1.500. Duk da haka, yawan yawan iskar gas a cikin sararin samaniya na iya tsoma baki tare da yanayin sanyi na duniya saboda suna kama zafi da ke fitowa daga saman duniya.
Yayin da tsammanin ƙarin shekaru na dumi kafin shekarun ƙanƙara na gaba yana da jaraba, gaskiyar ita ce matsalolin da ke tattare da su na iya haifar da sakamako mai tsanani. Jim Tunnel ya yi gargadin "Tsarin kankara kamar yammacin Antarctica sun lalace saboda dumamar yanayi." Lokacin da suka watse daga ƙarshe kuma suka zama ɓangare na ƙarar teku, tasirin matakin teku zai yi girma.
Sauran ra'ayoyin
Abin ban mamaki, dumamar yanayi na iya haifar da raguwar ma'aunin Celsius 5 zuwa 10 a Turai. Wani sabon zamani ma ya bude saboda tsohuwar nahiyar. Wannan na iya zama kamar rashin fahimta, amma masana kimiyya sun ce zai iya faruwa idan sauyin yanayi ya haifar da rugujewa a cikin tsarin na yanzu na Atlantic, wanda aka sani da Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC). Ya riga ya faru. Hakanan, AMOC yana gabatowa mahimmin matakinsa. Masu bincike sun ba da gargadin gaggawa saboda tsarin teku na da matukar muhimmanci ga kwanciyar hankalin yanayi na duniya.
Wani sabon binciken da aka buga a cikin Sauyin Yanayi na Yanayi kuma yana goyan bayan aikin TiPES na EU, wanda ke nufin mafi kyawun ƙididdige kasancewar abubuwan fitarwa a cikin tsarin yanayi, ya nuna yadda tsarin halin yanzu na Atlantic, wanda shine A na Tekun Gulf. kamar yana nuna "bayyanan alamun rashin zaman lafiya da rugujewa mai yiwuwa". Idan hakan ya faru, masana kimiyya sun yi hasashen cewa zai yi "tasiri mai mahimmancin sanyaya a yanayin Turai."
Niklas Boers na Cibiyar Canjin Yanayi ta Potsdam (PIK), memba na ƙungiyar TiPES (Tipping Points in the Earth System) ne ya jagoranci binciken. Binciken ya samo ta hanyar cikakken nazarin abubuwan lura na zamani da alamun gargaɗin farko, irin su tsarin salinity a cikin ruwan teku, cewa AMOC na iya rasa kwanciyar hankali a cikin karni na karshe.
Ina fatan cewa tare da wannan bayanin zaku iya ƙarin koyo game da glaciation na gaba a Spain da menene sakamakon canjin yanayi.