A cikin zamanin Paleozoic akwai lokuta daban-daban 6. Daya daga cikinsu shine lokacin carboniferous. A wannan lokacin, an sami adadi mai yawa na carbon a cikin bayanan burbushin halittu, saboda haka sunan sa. Duk wannan ya faru ne saboda yawan gandun dajin da aka binne kuma hakan ya samo asirin carbon. Yana daga cikin dalilan da suka sa Fauna na Carboniferous yana da matukar mahimmanci a duk duniya.
Saboda haka, a cikin wannan labarin za mu bincika mahimmancin fauna na Carboniferous da manyan halayensa.
Lokacin Carboniferous
Wannan lokacin yana ɗaya daga waɗanda ke ɗaukar ɗayan canje-canje masu mahimmanci a matakin dabbobi da shuke-shuke. Ofaya daga cikin dalilan shine wanda ke nuna cewa amphibians sun ƙaura daga ruwa don cin nasarar tsarin halittu na duniya. Wannan ya kasance zuwa ci gaban kwayayen amniote. Lokacin Carboniferous yana ɗaukar kimanin shekaru miliyan 60. Ya fara ne kimanin shekaru miliyan 359 da suka gabata kuma ya ƙare kimanin shekaru miliyan 299 da suka gabata.
A wannan lokacin an sami babban aikin ilimin ƙasa. A cikin sa faranti masu motsi suna da motsi wanda ya haifar da tsananin ƙaurawar nahiyoyin duniya. Waɗannan ƙungiyoyi sun sa wasu daga cikin talikai sun yi karo da asalin tsaunukan dutse.
Daya daga cikin karin haske na lokacin Carboniferous shine bayyanar kwai amniotic da dabbobi masu rarrafe na farko. Dabbobi masu rarrafe ana zaton sun samo asali ne daga amphibians da ake dasu. Godiya ga fitowar kwai amniote, kwan da ke da kariya da keɓe shi daga mahalli na waje, ya taimaka wa amfrayo aka kiyaye kuma zai inganta juyin halitta. Wannan taron ya haifar da wani abu mai neman juyi a cikin rukunin masu rarrafe tunda suna iya fara cin nasara da yanayin ƙasa. Ya kasance godiya ga karbuwa na rashin komawa ruwa don yin kwai.
A wannan lokacin akwai manyan canje-canje a cikin tekuna da na nahiyoyi. Wannan aikin ya haifar da da yawa daga nahiyoyin nahiyoyi sun motsa don kafa babbar nahiyar da aka sani da Pangea. Game da yanayi, a lokacin Carboniferous akwai kyakkyawan yanayi mai dumi. Wannan yanayi mai zafi da danshi ya sa ciyayi da yawa sun watsu a duniya. Ya ba da izinin samuwar dazuzzuka da haɓakawa da yaɗa wasu nau'o'in rayuwa. Wasu kwararrun sun nuna cewa yanayin zafin ya kusan digiri 20. Theasa sun kasance masu ɗumi sosai kuma akwai dausayi da yawa da aka kafa a wasu yankuna.
Flora da ciyayi
Dangane da fure na Carboniferous, akwai bambancin yanayin rayuwa iri-iri kuma hakan ya kasance ne saboda yanayin yanayi mai kyau. Wannan yanayi mai zafi da danshi ya dace da ci gaban shuke-shuke na dindindin. Wadannan tsirrai wadanda suka fi fice sune Pteridospermatophyta, Lepidodendrales, Cordaitales, daidaito da Lycopodiales.
Rukuni na farko an san shi da suna Fern Fern. An san cewa sun kasance tsire-tsire masu samar da iri na gaske kuma sunan ferns saboda yana da kamanni da na yanzu. Sun yi kusa da kasa sosai kuma sun samar da wani tsiro mai kama da ciyayi wanda ke kiyaye danshi.
Lepidodendrales rukuni ne na tsire-tsire waɗanda suka ɓace a farkon ƙarshen zamani. Sun isa mafi girman darajarsu yayin Carboniferous da sun kai mita 30 a tsayi. Cordaitales sun kasance nau'ikan shuke-shuke waɗanda suka ɓace a lokacin ƙarancin taro na Lokacin Triassic y Jurassic. Tushenta ya gabatar da firamare da sakandare xylem. Ganyayyakinsa manya-manya, sun kai tsayin mita.
Fauna na Carboniferous
Yanzu zamu ci gaba da nazarin fauna na Carboniferous. A wannan lokacin fauna ya bambanta sosai. Godiya ga yanayin yanayi mai kyau da yanayin muhalli, kusan dukkanin jinsunan suna da rata a cikin ci gaba. Yanayi mai danshi da dumi wanda aka karawa kasancewar babban iskar oksijin na bayar da gudummawa ga ci gaban adadi mai yawa. Daga cikin dabbobi cewa Mafi mashahuri a cikin fauna na Carboniferous sune amphibians, kwari da dabbobin ruwa. A ƙarshen wannan lokacin dabbobi masu rarrafe na farko sun bayyana.
Bari mu fara nazarin hanyoyin. Yayin lokacin Carboniferous akwai manyan samfuran arthropods da yawa. Wadannan dabbobin sun kasance ababen karatu da yawa daga kwararru. Babban girman waɗannan dabbobin ana tsammanin sun kasance ne saboda yawan ƙwayoyin oxygen.
arthoropleura
Tsarin tsaka-tsalle ne wanda aka sani da katuwar ɗari. Wannan shine sanannen sanannen tsinkaye na wannan zamani. Kuma hakane ya kai mita 3 a tsayi kuma yana cikin ƙungiyar myriapods. Dabba ce mai gajeriyar gaske kuma tsayinta bai wuce rabin mita ba. Ya kasance daga sassan da aka haɗa da juna kuma an rufe ta da faranti.
Arachnids
A cikin ƙungiyar arachnids daga lokacin Carboniferous, nau'in gizo-gizo wanda aka sani da Mesothelae ya fito fili. Babban halayen shi shine girman sa, wanda ya kai kusan na kan mutum. Abincinsu ya zama mai cin nama kuma suna ciyar da ƙananan dabbobi.
Babbar mazari
A wannan lokacin, akwai kwari masu yawo kwatankwacin mazari na yau. Sun kasance manyan dabbobi kuma ana amfani dasu don auna kimanin santimita 70 daga ƙarshen zuwa ƙarshe. An gane su kamar mafi yawan kwari da suka taba rayuwa a wannan duniyar tamu. Abincin su ya zama mai cin nama kuma sun kasance masu cin abincin ƙananan dabbobi kamar su amphibians da kwari.
Fauna na Carboniferous: amphibians
Kamar yadda muka ambata a farkon labarin, amphibians rukuni ne na dabbobi waɗanda suka bambanta da yawa kuma suka sami canje-canje. Yana da kyau a faɗi raguwa a girman jiki da kuma karɓar numfashi na huhu. Amhibians na farko da suka bayyana suna da tsarin jikinsu kwatankwacin na salamanders.
Akwai nau'ikan amphibians iri-iri. Theafaffun kafa sun kasance amphibians masu faɗan tetrapod tare da ƙaramin jiki da gajere, gaɓoɓin ƙarfi. The crassigyrinus sun kasance amphibians tare da ɗan bayyana mafi ban mamaki. Gabobin gabanta ba su da girma sosai ta yadda ba za su iya tallafar jikin dabbar ba. Tetrapod ne wanda yake da tsayi kusan kusan mita biyu kuma nauyinsa yakai kusan kilogiram 80.
Ina fatan cewa tare da wannan bayanin zaku iya koyo game da fauna na Carboniferous.