dimming duniya

dumamar yanayi za ta ci gaba da tafiya ba tare da wani misali ba. Yana haifar da sabon matsalar kimiyya a duniya da aka sani da dimming duniya. Dole ne a yi la'akari da cewa dumamar yanayi yana shafar karuwar iskar gas, wanda kuma, yana riƙe da yawan zafi a cikin yanayi.

A cikin wannan labarin, za mu gaya muku abin da dimming duniya ya kunsa da kuma menene sakamakonsa.

Canjin yanayi

Dangane da abubuwan lura da aka yi, sauyin yanayi yana faruwa ne saboda sauye-sauyen cikin gida a cikin tsarin yanayi da kuma hulɗar da ke tsakanin abubuwan da ke tattare da shi da / ko canje-canjen tilastawa waje da ke haifar da dalilai na halitta ko ayyukan ɗan adam. Gabaɗaya, ba zai yiwu a fayyace girman tasirin waɗannan abubuwan ba. Hasashen canjin yanayi daga Ƙungiyar gwamnatoci kan Canjin Yanayi (IPCC) gabaɗaya la'akari ne kawai tasirin anthropogenic yana ƙaruwa a cikin iskar gas da sauran abubuwan da suka shafi mutum a yanayin.

Ƙunƙarar ɗumamar yanayin ƙasa (dumar yanayi) yana samuwa ne daga karuwar tasirin greenhouse da ayyukan ɗan adam ke haifarwa, da kuma sauye-sauyen amfani da kasa, gurbatar yanayi ta nitrates, da dai sauransu. Tasirin gidan yanar gizon shine cewa wasu daga cikin makamashin da aka sha sun makale a cikin gida, kuma saman duniya yana ƙoƙarin yin dumi (IPCC).

Menene dimming duniya

A taƙaice, ɓacin rai na duniya akasin haka ne, ko da yake wannan sabani ba shi da tushe. Dimming Global Kalma ce da ke nufin raguwar hasken rana da ke kaiwa saman duniya saboda karuwar hasken rana. Albedo na ƙananan girgije yana haifar da sakamako mai sanyaya a saman.

An yi imani da karuwa a cikin iska mai iska, irin su carbon black (gawai) ko sulfur mahadi, wanda ayyukan mutane ke haifar da shi, da farko kona man fetur na masana'antu da sufuri. Dimming a duniya na iya sa masana kimiyya su raina tasirin iskar gas, wanda wani bangare na rufe dumamar yanayi. Tasirin ya bambanta da wuri, amma a duniya, raguwa yana kusa da 4% sama da shekaru talatin (1970-1990). An sauya yanayin a cikin shekarun 90s saboda matakan rage gurɓatar da ake iya gani.

Shaidar dimming duniya

Bari mu ga menene shaidu daban-daban na dimming duniya su ne:

Ragewar hasken rana da ke kaiwa saman duniya

Aikin farko da aka buga shi ne na Atsushi Omura a tsakiyar shekarun 1980, wanda ya gano cewa hasken rana da ke isa doron duniya ya ragu ta hanyar. fiye da kashi 10 cikin dari idan aka kwatanta da shekaru 30 da suka gabata.

A gefe guda, Gerald Stanhill ya lura da raguwar hasken rana da kashi 22 cikin ɗari a Isra'ila tsakanin 1950 zuwa 1980 yayin da yake auna ƙarfin hasken rana don aikin tsarin ban ruwa a Isra'ila. Stanhill ya ƙirƙiro kalmar attenuation na duniya ko attenuation na duniya.

A wani yanki na Duniya, Beate Liepert Ya zo daidai wannan ƙarshe a cikin Alps na daji. Don haka, yin aiki da kansa, an sami sakamako iri ɗaya a sassa daban-daban na duniya: Tsakanin 1950 zuwa 1990, matakin makamashin hasken rana da ya kai saman duniya ya faɗi da kashi 9% a Antarctica, da 10% a Amurka. Amurka da kusan kusan 30% a Amurka. Rasha da Ingila 16%). An sami mafi girman alkaluman raguwa a tsakiyar latitudes na Arewacin Hemisphere, tare da yankuna na bayyane da infrared spectrum sun fi shafa.

Rage yawan ƙazanta a cikin tire ko tanki

Wani bincike mai matukar fa'ida idan aka kwatanta sakamako shine na yawan fitar da ruwa a cikin tukwane (ma'auni na fitowar yau da kullun ta hanyar takardar ruwa na wani kauri). An tattara bayanan haifuwa a hankali cikin shekaru 50 da suka gabata ko makamancin haka.

Idan aka yi la’akari da hauhawar yanayin yanayin duniya, za mu sa ran iskar za ta fi bushewa kuma yawan ƙura daga ƙasa zai ƙaru. A cikin 1990s, masana kimiyya sun yi gargadin cewa, a cikin juzu'i, abubuwan lura a cikin shekaru 50 da suka gabata sun nuna akasin haka. Sakamako na Roderick da Farquhar daga binciken da suka yi na evaporation in wiwi ya rage evaporation a cikin shekaru 50 da suka gabata.

Rage yawan ƙawancen faifai na duniya yana nuna manyan canje-canje a cikin zagayowar ruwa na duniya wanda zai iya haifar da gagarumin tasirin muhalli da zamantakewa.

Hanyoyin kwantar da hankali daga jiragen sama

Wasu masana kimiyyar yanayi, irin su David Travis, sun yi hasashen cewa hanyoyin jet na iya kasancewa da alaƙa da dusashewar duniya. An dakatar da zirga-zirgar jiragen sama na kasuwanci na kwanaki uku bayan 11/2001, XNUMX, tare da ba da damar lura da yanayin Amurka ba tare da hasashen da ake tsammani ba da kuma yanayin daidaita yanayin yanayi (wani lamari da ba kasafai ake yin shi ba).

Sakamakon da aka samu ya ɗan ban sha'awa. Yanayin zafi (dangane da yanayin yanayin zafi) ya karu da 1ºC a cikin kwanaki uku, yana nuna cewa Kasancewar hanyoyin jiragen sama na iya ƙara yawan zafin dare da/ko rage zafin rana zuwa fiye da yadda ake tunani a baya.

Sakamakon

Wasu masana kimiyya a yanzu sun yi imanin cewa tasirin dusar ƙanƙara a duniya yana rufe tasirin ɗumamar yanayi, don haka gyara dimming a duniya. zai iya yin tasiri mai mahimmanci kuma maras tabbas akan yanayin yanayin teku.

Wata hasashe kuma ita ce, yanayin zafi zai iya haifar da gudun hijira da ba za a iya jurewa ba na manyan ma'adinan methane hydrate da ke cikin teku a halin yanzu, yana fitar da iskar methane (IPCC), daya daga cikin iskar gas mai karfi.

Baya ga tasirin duniya, al'amarin dimming na duniya yana da tasirin yanki. Toka mai aman wuta da ke cikin iska na iya nuna hasken rana zuwa sararin samaniya da sanyaya duniya. Kasancewar barbashi masu gurbata iska a cikin iska na iya haifar da matsalolin lafiya a cikin mutane (tsarin numfashi).

Ina fatan da wannan bayanin zaku iya ƙarin koyo game da dimming duniya da halayensa.