Kowace shekara akwai kimanin kwanaki 30 lokacin da kariyar rana ta zama mafi larura fiye da wani zaɓi. A wannan lokacin, yanayin zafin ya yi yawa sosai har kuna son yin kwana a bakin rairayin bakin teku ko yin yawo a cikin duwatsu, ba shakka, koyaushe suna kawo kariyar rana, tunda in ba haka ba kuna iya ƙarewa da ƙonewa.
Wannan lokacin ana san shi da Canicula, kuma yana gudana tsakanin 15 ga Yuli da 15 ga Agusta. Amma daga ina sunan ya fito? Kuma me yasa yake mafi kyawun lokacin shekara?
Tarihin Canicula
Tauraruwa Sirius (daga hagu)
Dubban shekaru da suka wuce, musamman 5.300, mafi tsananin yanayi a shekara yayi daidai da fitowar tauraruwar taurari Canis Major, sannan kuma tare da haɓakar tauraron Sirius. Amma gaskiyar ita ce a wannan zamanin ba haka lamarin yake ba. A zahiri, saboda fifikon duniya, Sirius ya bayyana a matsayin tauraro mafi haske a farkon watan Satumba, yayin da mafi tsananin lokaci zai fara ranar 21 ga Yuni.
Daga ina sunan ya fito?
Kalmar ta fito ne daga can o canis a yaren Latin ana nufin 'kare'. Yana nufin tauraron taurari Canis Major, tunda tauraruwa Sirius (wanda aka fi sani da "The Scorcher" shine mafi kyawu a cikin sama a cikin dare a lokacin mafi tsananin zafi a Arewacin emasashen Arewa. Hatta furcin "ranar kare da suka wuce" na iya kasancewa da alaƙa da wannan kalmar.
Me yasa lokacin canicular yake mafi zafi?
Zamu iya tunanin cewa mafi tsananin lokacin shekara yana farawa daga ranar 21 ga Yuni a Arewacin Hemisphere kuma a ranar 21 ga Disamba a Kudancin Kasan, tare da lokacin bazara, amma gaskiyar ita ce ba haka bane. Me ya sa? Ta wasu dalilai: son zuciya da juyawar duniyar tamu, da hasken rana da tasirin tekuna.
Duniyar, kamar yadda muka sani, ban da juya kanta, ta ɗan karkata kaɗan. Tare da lokacin bazara, hasken rana na riskar mu kai tsaye, kai tsaye, amma teku na ci gaba da dumi; Ari ga haka, ƙasa ta ɗan fara shan zafi. Saboda wannan dalili, don foran makwanni zaku iya kasancewa da kyau sosai a waje, tunda teku tana sanyaya yanayi. Amma wannan ba ya daɗewa. Zuwa 15 ga Yuli ko makamancin haka, ruwan tekun zai dumi sosai har ya dauke kwanaki 30 na tsananin zafi.
A yankunan da yanayi yake na nahiya, ba a bayyana tasirinsa sosai, don haka matsakaicin yanayin zafi ya tashi da wuri. Akasin haka, a wuraren da ke da yanayin yanayi mai kyau, musamman a yankunan bakin teku, ana ji da shi sosai.
Shin kalaman zafi iri daya ne da zafin rana?
Kasancewar lokacin mafi zafi, zamu iya kiran sa kalaman zafi ... amma wannan ba zai zama cikakke daidai ba. Ruwan zafin yana nufin kwanaki 30 yayin da rana ta fi ƙarfi, amma raƙuman ruwan zafi al'amuran yanayi ne waɗanda ke zuwa kamar haka:
- Mafi ƙarancin matsakaici da matsakaicin yanayin zafi ya wuce matsakaicin matsakaicin da aka rubuta a yankin don kwanan wata da ake magana. Zai dogara ne da yankin ko ana ɗaukar zafin jiki na "al'ada" ko "na ban mamaki". Misali, a cikin birane kamar Córdoba ƙimar 37ºC a watan Agusta ana ɗaukarta ta al'ada, amma a cikin Valladolid mutum na iya yin magana game da kalaman zafi.
- Tsawon aƙalla kwanaki 4. Dole ne yanayin zafi ya kasance mafi girma fiye da matsakaici na fewan kwanaki, saboda a rana ɗaya da wuya jikin mutum ya lura da tasirin zafi; A gefe guda, idan abu ne mai dorewa, gidaje, kwalta, komai yayi zafi, yana haifar mana da canza al'amuranmu ko dabi'unmu har sai sun wuce.
- Ruwan zafi yana shafar larduna da yawa, aƙalla. Lokacin da aka rubuta zafin rana mai tsananin gaske a cikin birni ɗaya, ba a ambaci cewa kalaman zafi sun faru a can ba, domin don ya kasance lamarin ya kamata ya shafi sauran garuruwa da biranen. Ruwan rawanin 2003 ya kasance mai tsananin gaske saboda girman da yake dashi, tunda kusan ya shafi duk Turai. A cikin Denia, alal misali, a ranar 2 ga Agusta suna da 47,8ºC.
- Abin takaici wadannan abubuwan na iya haifar da mutuwar mutane mafi m, kamar yara ko tsofaffi. Misali, biyo bayan kalaman 2003, jimillar mutane 14.802 suka mutu a duk faɗin nahiyar, wanda ke wakiltar ƙarin kashi 55%.
Don haka, ayoyin raƙuman zafi suna bayyana a lokacin lokacin da aka sani da zafin rana, amma ba sa faruwa kowace shekara (waɗannan suna da wuya, saboda ɗumamar yanayi).
Yadda za a jimre wa zafi
Babban yanayin zafi, musamman idan ya wuce 30ºC, zai tilasta mana mu ɗauki wasu matakai don ci gaba da rayuwarmu ta yau. Hanya mafi kyau don jimrewa ita ce shan ruwa mai yawa (mafi ƙarancin 2l / rana), ci haske, sabo ne abinci (kamar salads da 'ya'yan itace misali), da sanya gida da kuma wurin aiki wadataccen iska.
Shin kun ji labarin zafin rana?
«Muna iya tunanin cewa mafi tsananin lokacin shekara yana farawa a ranar 21 ga Yunin (…)«: idan muka yi tunani game da shi, za mu iya tunanin cewa ranar da ta fi kowacce rana ita ce 21 ga Yunin, domin ita ce rana mafi tsayi, kuma daga can ta gangaro yanayin zafi shine mafi kankantar kwanaki. Kodayake kamar yadda kuka bayyana, wannan ba haka bane. Hakanan yana faruwa ne a ranar 21 ga Disamba, wanda duk da kasancewar ranar da ke da karancin hasken rana (a arewacin duniya), lokacin ne lokacin hunturu ya fara kuma ba kasafai yake yin sanyi kamar na Janairu ba, lokacin da ranakun suka fi tsayi.