Akwai kayan aiki da yawa waɗanda aka haɓaka cikin tarihi don ƙarin koyo, don haɓaka kallo da bincike kuma, a ƙarshe, don inganta ilimi akan batun. Idan aka tuno baya, dole ne a ga cewa kafin babu kayan aiki da yawa don ƙirƙirar kayan aiki kamar yanzu, saboda haka ƙirƙirar su abu ne mai kyau. Domin kallon sama da nata taurari, dole ne a kirkiri wani kayan aiki don taimakawa wajen neman su. Don wannan da astrolabe.
A cikin wannan labarin za mu bayyana abin da astrolabe yake, yadda ake amfani da shi da kuma nau'ikan da ke akwai.
Menene astrolabe
Don samun ra'ayin abin da fasaha ta kasance a da da yanzu, ya kamata kawai kuyi tunanin cewa mai yiwuwa dubun dubatan mutane suna rayuwa lokacin da aka kirkiro tauraron dan adam amma bai ma san da wanzuwar sa ba. Wannan saboda kafofin watsa labarai a da ba su da ci gaba kamar yadda suke a yau.
Astrolabe shine mai nemo tauraruwa don haɓaka bincike don taurari a cikin sama. Tare da fassarar wayewar kai, an sami ƙarin sha'awar ilimin game da taurari da ma'anoninsu.
An gina dadaddun taurari da tagulla kuma sun kasance kawai 15 zuwa 20 cm a diamita. Kodayake akwai wasu nau'ikan nau'ikan astrolabe, wasu sun fi girma wasu kuma karami, dukansu suna da halaye iri daya.
Jikin astrolabe yana da mater wanda shine faifai tare da ramuka a tsakiya. Godiya ga zobe zaka iya ganin digiri na latitude. A cikin ɓangaren tsakiya muna da kunnuwa, wanda aka zana shi da da'ira da ke nuna tsayi. Hakanan suna da hanyar sadarwar, wacce ita ce yanke faifai wacce ake amfani da ita wajen lura da dodon kunne a karkashinta. A matakan zaka iya ganin adadin taurari da aka wakilta. A saman gizo-gizo muna da alamun da ke nuna tauraron da muke kallo. Alidade shine ganin nisan tauraron da aka samu.
Aikinta ya kasance mai rikitarwa ga masu amfani da yawa. Kawai don iya sarrafa shi, ana buƙatar littattafan ɗaruruwan shafuka. Manufar kawai gano tauraron kuma san matsayinta. Hakanan ya kasance kayan aiki na kewaya don samun bayanai game da lokaci da latitude da masu jirgi suke.
Ayyuka
Astrolabe yana aiki ta hanyar tsinkayar sararin samaniya wanda ke da zagaye na kammala karatu. Yana da allura da ke juyawa a kusa da gicciye inda kake gyara tauraron da ake magana. Dalilin tauraron shine don a iya auna tsayin kusurwa wanda tauraron yake sama da abubuwan da suke sararin samaniya. A yadda aka saba, don amfani da wannan kayan aikin muna mai da hankali kan tauraruwa ta cikin ɗan kwaya kuma wani mutum shine wanda ke karanta lambar kirtani akan sikelin da aka kammala karatunsa. Wannan yana nufin cewa mutum guda ba zai iya amfani da irin wannan kayan aikin ba, tunda idan muka cire kanmu don kallon alamar, za mu matsa daga inda muka ga tauraron.
Wani aiki cewa yana da wannan na'urar don auna latit. Don yin wannan, dole ne mu fahimci ɗayan taurari a sararin samaniya da kuma yadda take. Mun sami wannan ragowar ta wasu tebur. Zamu buƙaci kamfas da taurari. Don auna latitude muna amfani da lissafin lissafi wanda zai banbanta idan muna cikin arewacin duniya ko kuma a kudu. Idan muna a arewacin duniya sai dai kawai mu kara matsakaiciyar tsinkayar tauraruwa da kuma faduwa kuma za mu debe digiri 90. Idan muna a cikin kudancin duniya, zamu ƙara matsakaiciyar tsinkaye ne da tauraruwarta ba tare da rage komai ba.
Nau'in astrolabe
Kamar yadda muka ambata a baya, wadannan kayan aikin an kirkiresu ne ta hanyoyi daban-daban ya danganta da wanda yayi amfani da shi. Hakanan an canza su kamar yadda suka dace da yanayin kowane lokaci. Bincikensa ya ba da izini koyaushe sababbin dabaru da kayan aiki sun fito don inganta kallo kuma, bi da bi, wasu kayan aikin sun fi na farkon halitta.
Zamuyi nazarin yadda manyan nau'ikan astrolabe suke da kuma yadda suka bambanta. Waɗannan suna da nau'ikan ƙera abubuwa daban-daban. Koyaya, zaku ga cewa dukkan su suna da babban tasiri akan fasahar da muke amfani da ita a yau da kuma yadda ta saukaka nazarin taurari.
Planispheric astrolabe
Wannan samfurin an kirkireshi ne domin iya tantance taurari a tazara daya. Wannan yana nufin, san duk taurarin da suke cikin wani wuri. Don amfani da shi, an daidaita bayanai da jiragen sama daban-daban na kayan aikin don samun damar neman taurari. Idan kuna son aiwatar da wani nau'in lura, dole ne ku daidaita dukkan bayanan kuma ku fara daga farawa.
Shi ne mafi sauki kayan aiki da za'a iya amfani dasu amma wanda ke da iyakancewa, tunda kawai zaka iya sanin taurari na latit ɗaya. Tare da shudewar lokaci sun fitar da wasu ingantattun sifofi wadanda suka inganta saukin aiki.
Universal astrolabe
Wannan samfurin ya samo asali ne game da na baya. Hakanan ya yi aiki don sanin duk bayanan dukkanin latitude a lokaci guda. Wannan ya inganta ƙwarewar dubawa da kuma bayanan da aka samu ta hanyar sa. Yana da mafi hadaddun na'urar don amfani kuma masana kimiyya da yawa sun dauki dogon lokaci don koyon yadda ake amfani da su. Da zarar an sarrafa aikinta, zai iya ba da babban bayani.
Sailor astrolabe
Ba'a amfani da wannan kayan aikin kawai don ganin abin da ke cikin sama ba amma kuma don jan hankalin masu jirgin ruwa a kan manyan tekuna. Ganin cewa wannan kayan aikin yana da babban damar jagorantar jiragen ruwa ta cikin teku, an inganta sigar da ta fi dacewa da teku. Yana da matukar amfani sanin matsayin da kuma yanayin yadda suke. Kamar dai tsarin kewayawa ne amma yana da kyau sosai.
Matsalar kawai da ta gabatar ita ce yana da wahala a iya ɗauka kuma yana buƙatar dogon karatu.
Ina fatan cewa tare da wannan bayanin zaku iya ƙarin koyo game da astrolabe.