Arziki a cikin almara da shimfidar wurare, da Kogin Ebro Yana nutsar da mu cikin tunanin kyawawan shimfidar wurare, kwaruruka, tsaunuka da kyawawan birane, suna da damar ganin yadda yake tafiyar kilomita 930 a tsawonsa, wanda ya sa ya zama kogi mafi tsawo a Spain. A matsayi na biyu, bayan kogin Duero a cikin yankin Iberian.
A cikin wannan labarin za mu gaya muku duk abin da kuke buƙatar sani game da kogin Ebro, halayensa, bakinsa da sauran su.
Babban fasali
Ana daukar kogin Ebro a matsayin kogin mafi tsayi kuma mafi girma a Spain kuma hanyarsa gaba ɗaya tana cikin yankin Sipaniya, wanda shine ɗayan mahimman halaye tun lokacin da yake matsayi na farko a duniya a cikin wannan layin.
Dangane da wurin da kogin Ebro yake, mutane da yawa suna mamakin inda kogin Ebro yake farawa. An haife shi a Cantabria, kuma kogin Ebro yana gudana ta Tekun Bahar Rum zuwa Tarragona, Spain. Hanyar kogin Ebro yana farawa ne a Pico Tres Mares a mita 2.175 sama da matakin teku, a tsakanin raƙuman ruwa guda uku na Saliyo de Hijar, inda ruwan ya gangaro zuwa gangara zuwa tekuna uku da ke kan iyaka da tsibirin, The Nanza da kuma. Kogin Cantabrian yana iyaka da teku, kogin Pisurga yana iyaka da Tekun Atlantika, kogin Ebro kuma yana iyaka da Tekun Bahar Rum.
Yana wucewa ta yankin Campoo Los Valles ko Valle de Campoo har sai ya isa kwazazzabo Ebro ta lardin Burgos. An iyakance shi ta hanyar Pyrenees, tsarin Iberian da tuddai na Turai.
Tashi daga Burgos zuwa La Rioja a cikin Mutanen Espanya, daga inda aka kafa Las Conchas de Haro ko Conchas de Ebro, wani nassi na dabi'a na farar ƙasa wanda ke ba da rayuwa ga yanayin yanayi maras misaltuwa, wanda ke bi ta birane da yawa a Spain har zuwa Logroño. babban birnin kasar La Rioja. Daga karshen zuwa Navarra, kuna wanka a garuruwa daban-daban a kan hanya, kowannensu yana da halinsa da tarihinsa, har sai kun isa Catalonia.
Bakin Kogin Ebro
Bakin kogin Ebro yana cikin garin Tarragona, yana kafa wani yanki a bakin Tekun Bahar Rum. Akwai tsibirin Buda mafi girma a yankin Kataloniya, kuma ruwan kogin ya kasu kashi biyu makamai da ake kira Golas Norte da Golas Sur. Akwai kuma Ebro Delta Natural Park, wanda ya ƙunshi kashi 20% na delta kuma yana fa'ida daga kasancewa yanki mai kariyar doka. Kogin Segura har yanzu yana fitowa daga wannan teku.
An ƙirƙira shi a cikin 1983, wurin shakatawa shine mafi girma a cikin dausayi a Catalonia, yana da kadada 7.802; yankunan noma, musamman gonakin shinkafa, sun mamaye sauran kashi 80%, jimilla fiye da hekta 21.000, wanda ya bayyana da yawa game da mahimmancin amfanin gonakin a yankin.
Gudun kogin Ebro yana da kusan mita 600 a cikin daƙiƙa guda, amma ya yi fice saboda bambancinsa, tun da yake. zai iya tashi daga mita 440 cubic a wata daya zuwa mita 2896 a wani. Ambaliyar ruwan kogin na yawaita a lokacin sanyi, wanda ya fi shahara da barna shi ne wanda ke faruwa a Castejón da Zaragoza.
An sami raguwa sosai tun daga shekarun 1960 (18.286,7 hm3 / shekara) har zuwa wannan shekara ta 2017. Garin El Pilar yana da mafi ƙarancin hayaƙi na 35 m3/s. Duero ba shi da kyau, tare da kwararar 6 m3 / s a cikin watan Agustan wannan shekara.
An ayyana kogin Orinoco a cikin faɗakarwa saboda yawan ruwa, tun lokacin da ya kusa wuce alamar 1976 lokacin da ya kai fiye da mita 35 a tsayi, ya haifar da ambaliya a cikin ƙananan wurare.
Kogin Ebro
Yana da triangle kuma Tana da fadin murabba'in kilomita 85.362 kuma tana da babban rabo a Spain. Hakanan yana taka leda a cikin ɗimbin ramummuka a Andorra da Faransa. Yankin da ya fi yawan jama'a ko birni shi ne Zaragoza, wanda a halin yanzu ya zarce mazauna 700.000 (2017) Mafi girma a cikin ruwa a cikin ruwa a duniya shine kogin Amazon, wanda ke da fadin kilomita murabba'i miliyan 6,1.
An kiyasta cewa masu yawon bude ido miliyan 1,7 ne ke ziyartar karamar Ebro a kowace shekara, suna tafiya da tafiye-tafiye, ta yin amfani da wuraren wanka na zafi, kamun kifi da sansani don gudanar da matsananciyar wasanni kamar su canyoning, rafting, kayak da sauransu.
Barazana
Akwai barazana da dama ga kogin Ebro, da suka hada da gurbacewar yanayi, rashin ruwa da ambaliyar ruwa, wadanda ke barazana da haddasa bala'i masu yawa, dalla-dalla a kasa. Zaragoza ita ce wuri na karshe da ambaliyar ruwa ta yi kamari, inda aka fi samun yawaitar ruwan sama da ake ci gaba da yi, da kuma rashin hangen nesa da mazauna yankin, da kuma rashin kulawar da jihar ta yi, da rashin shirin noman ruwa. wanda ya haifar da mummunar lalacewar abubuwa da mutane, tsaftacewa da kariya daga kogin.
Yiwuwar nutsewa a Ebro Delta bai yi nisa ba, tare da a kasa da 50% na samanta kasa da matakin teku. Hakan na faruwa ne saboda yadda yake kula da canjin yanayi da ke haifar da hawan teku. Ayyukan noma, kiwo da masana'antu na ci gaba da yin barna a cikin rafin. A Spain, yanayin kogin Ebro yana tabarbarewa kuma ingancin samar da ruwa ga mazaunan rafin yana kara tabarbarewa.
Kasancewar nitrates, ammonium, nitrite, magungunan kashe qwari da sauran sinadarai a cikin hectare miliyan 3 na ƙasar noma suma suna taimakawa wajen tabarbarewar ƙasa, tafkunan ruwa da sauran su. Ana iya ganin waɗannan a cikin koguna da yawa a Amurka, Turai da sauran nahiyoyi, a Argentina kogin Paraná na ɗaya daga cikinsu.
madatsun ruwa
Sabanin fa'idar samun sama da magudanan ruwa 457 da masana'antar samar da wutar lantarki, ana kallonta a matsayin barazana ga rayuwar al'adar kogin da mazaunanta, musamman a Ribarroja, Flix da Mequinenza da ke yankin Lower Ebro, baya ga wanda ake da shi, wato Spain. ya gabatar da tsarin samar da ruwa na shekarar 2010-2015, wanda a cikinsa ake shirin girka matattarar wutar lantarki da yawa. Ya kara karfin da yake da shi a yanzu na 3.894,5 Mw, ta hanyar amfani da 38.000 hm3 na ruwa a kowace shekara..
Kamar yadda kake gani, akwai dalilai da yawa da ya sa wannan kogin ya fi muhimmanci a Spain. Ina fatan da wannan bayanin zaku iya ƙarin koyo game da kogin Ebro, halayensa da mahimmancin bakinsa.