Galaxy da muke ciki ana kiranta Wayyo Milky. Tabbas kun riga kun san hakan. Amma me kuka sani game da wannan tauraron dan adam da muke rayuwa a ciki? Akwai miliyoyin halaye, son sani da kuma kusurwa waɗanda suka mai da Milky Way taurari na musamman. Gida ne na samaniya bayan komai, kamar yadda yake inda Tsarin rana Da dukkan duniyoyin da muka sani Taron tauraron dan adam da muke rayuwa a ciki cike yake da taurari, supernovae, nebulae, kuzari da duhu al'amari. Koyaya, akwai abubuwa da yawa da har yanzu suka zama sirri ga masana kimiyya.
Za mu gaya muku abubuwa da yawa game da Hanyar Milky, daga halayenta zuwa son sani da abubuwan asiri.
Bayanin Milky Way
Labari ne game da damin tauraron dan adam wanda ya samar da gidan mu a duniya. Tsarin halittar sa kwatankwacin yanayin karkacewa da manyan makamai 4 a kan faifinsa. Ya kunshi biliyoyin taurari iri daban-daban. Ofaya daga cikin waɗannan taurari ita ce Rana. Godiya ga Rana da muke da ita kuma rayuwa ta samu kamar yadda muka sani.
Tsakanin tauraron dan adam yana tazarar nisan shekaru 26.000 daga duniyarmu. Ba a san tabbas ko za a iya samun ƙari ba, amma an san cewa aƙalla rami mai girman gaske yana tsakiyar cibiyar Milky Way. Bakin rami ya zama cibiyar tauraron mu kuma aka sa masa suna Sagittarius A.
Taurarin mu na galaxy ya fara samuwa kimanin shekaru miliyan 13.000 da suka gabata kuma yana cikin rukunin taurari 50 da aka sani da Localungiyar Localungiya. Tauraron tauraron da muke makwabtaka da shi, wanda ake kira Andromeda, shima yana cikin wannan rukunin ƙaramin damin tauraron dan adam wanda ya hada da Cloudan Girman Magellanic. Har yanzu rabe-raben da ɗan adam yayi. Wani jinsin da, idan kukayi nazarin yanayin duniya gaba daya da fadadarsa, ba komai bane.
Rukuni na Yanki da aka ambata a sama ɗayan ɓangare ne na babban taron tarin taurari. Ana kiran shi babban Virgo. Sunan tauraron dan adam dinmu an sanya masa suna ne daga bangon haske da muke iya ganin taurari da gajimare masu dauke da iskar gas wadanda suke fadada saman samammu ta Duniya. Kodayake Duniya tana cikin Milky Way, ba zamu iya samun cikakkiyar fahimtar yanayin damin damin tauraron dan adam ba kamar yadda wasu taurarin waje suke iya yi.
Mafi yawan galaxy din yana ɓoye ne da labulen ƙura mara lahani. Wannan ƙurar ba ta ba da damar hango nesa koyon ido don mayar da hankali sosai da gano abin da ke wurin. Zamu iya ƙayyade tsarin ta amfani da telescopes tare da raƙuman rediyo ko infrared. Koyaya, ba zamu iya sanin cikakken abin da ke cikin yankin da ake samun ƙura mai tsakuwa ba. Zamu iya gano sifofin radawa ne wadanda suke ratsa duhu.
Babban fasali
Zamu dan bincika kadan daga cikin manyan halayen Milky Way. Abu na farko da zamu bincika shine girman. An tsara shi kamar ƙwanƙwasa karkace kuma yana da diamita na 100.000-180.000 shekaru haske. Kamar yadda aka ambata a baya, nisan zuwa tsakiyar damin tauraron dan adam yakai kimanin shekaru dubu 26.000. Wannan nisan wani abu ne da dan Adam ba zai taba iya tafiya dashi tare da tsaran rayuwa da kuma fasahar da muke dashi a yau ba. An kiyasta shekarun samuwar shekaru biliyan 13.600, kimanin shekaru miliyan 400 bayan Babban kara.
Adadin taurari da wannan tauraron dan adam yake da wuya a lissafa su. Ba za mu iya zuwa ɗaya bayan ɗaya muna kirga duk taurari da ke akwai ba, tunda ba shi da fa'ida sosai a san daidai. Akwai kimanin taurari biliyan 400.000 a cikin Milky Way kadai. Ofaya daga cikin abubuwan sha'awa da wannan damin tauraron yake da shi shine kusan yana da faɗi. Mutanen da ke jayayya cewa Duniya madaidaiciya ce za su yi alfahari da cewa wannan ma haka ne. Kuma shine cewa damin tauraron dan adam yana da fadin haske shekaru dubu 100.000 amma yana da kaurin shekaru dubu kawai.
Kamar dai yadda aka daidaita kuma aka murda faifai inda aka saka taurarin a cikin hannunta na gas da ƙura. Wani abu kamar wannan shine tsarin hasken rana, gungun duniyoyi da ƙura tare da Rana a cibiyar sun tsayar da shekaru haske 26.000 daga cibiyar hargitsi ta taurari.
Wanene ya gano hanyar Milky?
Yana da wuya a san tabbataccen wanda ya gano Milky Way. An sani cewa Galileo Galilei shine farkon wanda ya gane kasancewar ƙungiyar haske a cikin taurarin mu a matsayin ɗayan taurari a shekara ta 1610. Wannan shine ainihin gwaji na farko wanda ya fara lokacin da masanin tauraron ya nuna tabon hangen nesa na farko zuwa sama kuma ya ga cewa tauraron dan adam ya kunshi taurari marasa adadi.
Tun daga 1920, Edwin hubble ita ce ta ba da isassun shaidu don sanin cewa abubuwan da ke sararin samaniya duk taurari ne. Wannan gaskiyar ta taimaka kwarai da gaske don fahimtar hakikanin yanayi da fasalin Milky Way. Wannan kuma ya taimaka wajen gano ainihin girman kuma ya san girman duniyar da muke ciki.
Hakanan ba mu da cikakken tabbaci game da taurari nawa Milky Way ke da su, amma kuma ba shi da ban sha'awa sosai mu sani. Idaya su aiki ne mai wuya. Masu ilimin taurari suna kokarin nemo mafi kyawun hanyar aikata shi. Koyaya, telescopes na iya ganin tauraruwa ɗaya kawai fiye da sauran. Yawancin taurari suna ɓoye a bayan gajimare na iskar gas da ƙurar da muka ambata a baya.
Ofaya daga cikin dabarun da suke amfani dasu don ƙididdigar yawan taurari shine lura da saurin da taurari sukeyi a cikin taurari. Wannan yana nuna ɗan jan nauyi da taro. Raba girman tauraron dan adam ta matsakaicin girman tauraruwa, zamu sami amsa.
Ina fatan cewa tare da wannan bayanin zaku iya koyo game da Milky Way da kuma bayaninsa.