Radiyon da yawa daga rana ya isa duniyar tamu. Ofayan waɗannan radiations shine ultraviolet. Ya Bayanin ultraviolet Gwajin ƙarfin ultraviolet ne wanda yake iya kaiwa ga doron ƙasa. Mun sani cewa rana tana fitar da jujjuyawa a cikin kewayon keɓaɓɓiyar bakan. Musamman, yana fitar da adadi mai yawa na radiation a cikin yankin ultraviolet. Wannan radiation din yana da matukar mahimmanci tunda ya zama dole, amma kuma yana da hadari.
Sabili da haka, za mu keɓe wannan labarin don gaya muku game da duk halaye da mahimmancin bayanan ultraviolet.
Babban fasali
Mun ambaci cewa lissafin ultraviolet ba komai bane face auna karfin zafin ultraviolet wanda zai iya kaiwa ga doron kasa. Duk wani jujjuyawar da rana take fitarwa ya kasu kashi zuwa sassa daban-daban na bakan lantarki. An raba radiation ta Ultraviolet zuwa yankuna 3 dangane da makamashinta. An fi sanin hasken ultraviolet mai kuzari mai ƙarfi UVC kuma suna aiki a tsayin daka daga 100-280 nm. Yawan rawan UVB ya fara daga 280-315 nm. Aƙarshe, haskoki UVA sune mafi haɗari, don haka suyi magana, kuma sun haɗa da yankuna na keɓaɓɓiyar bakan janareta daga 315-400 nm.
Mafi lalacewar ɓangaren ultraviolet radiation shine radiation na UVC. Anyi sa'a, wannan iskar ba zata isa doron kasa ba kasancewar yanayin mu yana shagaltar da ita. Musamman, babban ɓangaren wannan jujjuyawar yana cikin layin ozone. Koyaya, Hasken UVB yana cikin sararin samaniya da kashi 90% kamar. Kodayake UVAs suma suna shagaltarwa zuwa ƙarami, wani ɓangare daga cikinsu ya kai samanmu.
Mun san cewa hasken rana wajibi ne don ci gaban rayuwa kamar yadda muka sani. Dole ne a tuna cewa hotunan hoto a cikin shuke-shuke yana faruwa ne saboda aikin hasken ultraviolet kuma mutane suna buƙatar fallasa su zuwa hasken rana don haɗa bitamin D a cikin fata. Rashin wannan bitamin a jiki na iya haifar da karancin ma'adinai na ƙasusuwa. Saboda haka, yana da mahimmanci don sunbathe kowace rana na aƙalla rabin sa'a. Koyaya, idan muna da yawan nunawa ga bayyanar waɗannan haskoki na ultraviolet zai iya cutar da lafiyarmu. Kuma shine cewa radiation na ultraviolet na iya haifar da lalacewar collagen na fata sabili da haka yana ƙaruwa da wuri.
Lalacewar Fihirisar UV
Indexididdigar violet delta ita ce wacce ke auna tsayin igiyar ruwa da adadin da ƙarfin haskoki na ultraviolet waɗanda suke iya isa zuwa saman duniya. Koyaya, radiation ta ultraviolet na iya haifar da lalata DNA da maye gurbi. Akwai shaidu da yawa daga binciken da ya nuna cewa yana iya ƙara haɗarin cutar kansa ta fata. Hakanan, yana iya haifar da manyan matsalolin ido kamar su ciwon ido. Akwai fata iri daban-daban wasu kuma sun fi wasu rauni. Hankali ga hasken ultraviolet na fata ya dogara da abin da aka sani da hoto. Hoton hoto yana da alhakin auna ikon fata don ɗaukar hasken rana. Wato, karfin fata na samar da melanin. Dole ne a san alamar violet da kyau don sanin kariyar da dole ne mu shafa wa fata don hasken rana bisa ga ƙwarewar da muke da ita. Mutane masu ja-gora ko masu launin gashi sun fi brunettes hankali.
Abinda ake kira ultraviolet index shine ke da alhakin auna zafin radadin da yake kaiwa saman duniya a kowane zango da aka auna tare da aikinsa na cutarwa akan mutane. Masana kimiyyar muhalli Kanada sun gabatar da wannan bayanin a cikin 1992. Daga nan ne, kasashe da dama suka gabatar da nasu lissafin har sai da WHO ta gabatar da daidaitattun bayanai ga duniya.
Indimar Index na UV
Bayanin UV yana da ƙimar mafi ƙarancin ƙima na 0 kuma bashi da ƙimar iyaka. Daidaitaccen ma'auni shine wanda yake ba mu damar yin tsinkaya iri-iri na kwatankwacin UVI a duk duniya. Launukan da ake amfani da su don wakiltar farkon allon kore ne don ƙananan ƙimar UVI tsakanin 0 da 2, rawaya don ƙimar UVI matsakaici tsakanin 3 da 5, lemu mai haɗari mafi girma tsakanin 6 da 7 da ja don tsananin UVI dabi'un da ke tsakanin 8 da 10. A ƙarshe, kuma ana samo launi mai launi don ƙimar darajar UVI tare da adadi mafi girma fiye da 11.
Dogaro da ƙimar UVI kuma ya dogara da nau'in fata na kowane mutum, shekaru, da dai sauransu. Dole ne a dauki matakan da suka dace don kariya daga haskakawar ultraviolet. UVI ya dogara da wasu ƙananan abubuwa kuma zai iya canzawa cikin shekara. Misali, ya dogara da adadin ozone a ciki yanayin yanayi, dagawar rana, tsayin wurin da muke da kuma gajimare yanzu a wannan lokacin. Ba daidai yake da kasancewa a matakin teku fiye da na saman dutse ba. Adadin hasken rana wanda zai shafi fatar mu yana da matukar canzawa. Haka lamarin yake game da ozone layer. Tsoron ramin lemar sararin samaniya ya faru ne saboda raguwar yawan lemar sararin samaniya kuma a yanzu yanayin karuwar hasken rana na ultraviolet a samanmu.
Matakai don sauƙaƙewar iska mai ƙarfi
Zamu ba da wasu mahimman matakan don mu iya kare kanmu daga aikin da hasken ultraviolet ya shafi fatar mu:
- Rage fitowar rana yayin lokuta mafi ƙarfi na rana. Waɗannan su ne tsakiyar awoyi waɗanda adadin hasken ultraviolet na rana ya fi girma.
- Yi tafiya a cikin inuwa a cikin tsakiyar tsakiyar rana. Kamar yadda dole ne mu guji bayyanar da kanmu ga rana ta tsakiyar sa'o'i, idan ba mu da wani zaɓi, dole ne mu tafi inuwa.
- Sanya tufafi masu kariya
- Sanya hular kwano mai fadi don kiyaye idonka, fuskarka, da wuyanka.
- Kare idanunmu da tabarau
- Yi amfani da man shafawa mai kariya na rana.
- Guji gadaje na tanning
Ina fatan cewa tare da wannan bayanin zaku iya ƙarin koyo game da bayanan ultraviolet da mahimmancin sa.